Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years
The high application rate and low utilization efficiency of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) fertilizer could lead to significant P accumulation in soil. Soil P cycling is greatly affected by the planting time in perennial fruit yards. However, the mechanism by which soil Pi fractions and <i>pqqC<...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Xue Wang Zhubing Shao Shuo Fang Jieshan Cheng Xiaotong Guo Juan Zhang Chunyan Yu Tingting Mao Guohui Wu Hongxia Zhang |
| author_facet | Xue Wang Zhubing Shao Shuo Fang Jieshan Cheng Xiaotong Guo Juan Zhang Chunyan Yu Tingting Mao Guohui Wu Hongxia Zhang |
| author_sort | Xue Wang |
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| description | The high application rate and low utilization efficiency of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) fertilizer could lead to significant P accumulation in soil. Soil P cycling is greatly affected by the planting time in perennial fruit yards. However, the mechanism by which soil Pi fractions and <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities, and their relationships, are affected by the planting time of fruit vines, remains unclear. Here, the soil Pi fractions, the <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities, and their relationships in the grape yards with 0.5, 4, 16 and 22 growth years, designated as Y0.5, Y4, Y16 and Y22, were examined. The results showed that with the increasing growth years, soil organic carbon (SOC) contents and pH values, respectively, increased and decreased. In addition, the contents and percentages of soil labile Pi and moderately labile Pi increased, whereas those of soil stable Pi decreased. In the soils of Y4, Y16 and Y22, the abundance and α-diversity of <i>pqqC</i> decreased compared to the soils of Y0.5. In the soils of Y16, the composition of <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities was altered significantly, showing a great difference compared to the soils of Y0.5, Y4 and Y22. At genus level, the relative abundance of <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacteria was highly correlated with soil P fractions. Further structural equation modeling revealed that the relationships between the abundance and community richness of the <i>pqqC</i> gene and soil Pi transformation were regulated by soil pH. These findings suggest that changes in soil Pi fractions are closely associated with soil pH, <i>pqqC</i> gene abundance, <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial community richness and SOC content in grape orchards with different planting years. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-419f27c0a4b149b6a7b8d5e74ce012fd2025-08-20T03:40:42ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-03-0115366610.3390/agronomy15030666Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting YearsXue Wang0Zhubing Shao1Shuo Fang2Jieshan Cheng3Xiaotong Guo4Juan Zhang5Chunyan Yu6Tingting Mao7Guohui Wu8Hongxia Zhang9The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, ChinaThe high application rate and low utilization efficiency of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) fertilizer could lead to significant P accumulation in soil. Soil P cycling is greatly affected by the planting time in perennial fruit yards. However, the mechanism by which soil Pi fractions and <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities, and their relationships, are affected by the planting time of fruit vines, remains unclear. Here, the soil Pi fractions, the <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities, and their relationships in the grape yards with 0.5, 4, 16 and 22 growth years, designated as Y0.5, Y4, Y16 and Y22, were examined. The results showed that with the increasing growth years, soil organic carbon (SOC) contents and pH values, respectively, increased and decreased. In addition, the contents and percentages of soil labile Pi and moderately labile Pi increased, whereas those of soil stable Pi decreased. In the soils of Y4, Y16 and Y22, the abundance and α-diversity of <i>pqqC</i> decreased compared to the soils of Y0.5. In the soils of Y16, the composition of <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communities was altered significantly, showing a great difference compared to the soils of Y0.5, Y4 and Y22. At genus level, the relative abundance of <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacteria was highly correlated with soil P fractions. Further structural equation modeling revealed that the relationships between the abundance and community richness of the <i>pqqC</i> gene and soil Pi transformation were regulated by soil pH. These findings suggest that changes in soil Pi fractions are closely associated with soil pH, <i>pqqC</i> gene abundance, <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial community richness and SOC content in grape orchards with different planting years.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/3/666soil inorganic P fractioninorganic P solubilization<i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial communitysoil pHorchard |
| spellingShingle | Xue Wang Zhubing Shao Shuo Fang Jieshan Cheng Xiaotong Guo Juan Zhang Chunyan Yu Tingting Mao Guohui Wu Hongxia Zhang Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years Agronomy soil inorganic P fraction inorganic P solubilization <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial community soil pH orchard |
| title | Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years |
| title_full | Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years |
| title_fullStr | Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years |
| title_short | Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Is Closely Associated with <i>pqqC</i>- Gene Abundance and Bacterial Community Richness in Grape Orchards with Different Planting Years |
| title_sort | soil inorganic phosphorus is closely associated with i pqqc i gene abundance and bacterial community richness in grape orchards with different planting years |
| topic | soil inorganic P fraction inorganic P solubilization <i>pqqC</i>-harboring bacterial community soil pH orchard |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/3/666 |
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