Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review

One of the most significant recent developments in the debt financing sector pertains to new products and standards applicable to sustainability-related issues. Therefore, research on this has increased substantially. One of the most recent such developments is that of sustainability-linked bonds (S...

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Main Authors: Clarisse Heck Machado, Miguel Sousa, Manuel Castelo Branco
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:International Journal of Financial Studies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/13/2/62
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author Clarisse Heck Machado
Miguel Sousa
Manuel Castelo Branco
author_facet Clarisse Heck Machado
Miguel Sousa
Manuel Castelo Branco
author_sort Clarisse Heck Machado
collection DOAJ
description One of the most significant recent developments in the debt financing sector pertains to new products and standards applicable to sustainability-related issues. Therefore, research on this has increased substantially. One of the most recent such developments is that of sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs). In 2023, global sustainable bond issuance experienced an increase of three percent, nearly reaching USD 1 trillion with significant shifts observed in categories, including green-, social-, sustainability-, and sustainability-linked bonds (GSSSBs). This paper presents one of the most extensive literature reviews on SLBs research, examining trends, research evolution, thematic landscape, and underexplored topics by employing bibliometric and content analysis approaches. It identifies future research avenues and trends, including supporting issuers in transitioning towards net-zero emissions or broader objectives, such as implementing sustainability targets to fight climate change, the premium associated with bond pricing, the potential for greenwashing, and the blockchain technology for issuance and target’s monitoring transparency. In addition, this paper discusses the new trend of thematic bonds, such as those addressing gender characteristics, as innovative strategies to promote societal equity. The systematic literature review also explores the significance of SLBs as public instruments, like sovereign bonds or private instruments, while identifying research areas, including linking SLBs with the evolution of management theory.
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spelling doaj-art-415d651cebcf4e31aab88f16d52d7c482025-08-20T03:27:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Financial Studies2227-70722025-04-011326210.3390/ijfs13020062Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis ReviewClarisse Heck Machado0Miguel Sousa1Manuel Castelo Branco2CEF.UP, School of Economics and Management, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-464 Porto, PortugalCEF.UP, School of Economics and Management, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-464 Porto, PortugalCEF.UP, School of Economics and Management, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-464 Porto, PortugalOne of the most significant recent developments in the debt financing sector pertains to new products and standards applicable to sustainability-related issues. Therefore, research on this has increased substantially. One of the most recent such developments is that of sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs). In 2023, global sustainable bond issuance experienced an increase of three percent, nearly reaching USD 1 trillion with significant shifts observed in categories, including green-, social-, sustainability-, and sustainability-linked bonds (GSSSBs). This paper presents one of the most extensive literature reviews on SLBs research, examining trends, research evolution, thematic landscape, and underexplored topics by employing bibliometric and content analysis approaches. It identifies future research avenues and trends, including supporting issuers in transitioning towards net-zero emissions or broader objectives, such as implementing sustainability targets to fight climate change, the premium associated with bond pricing, the potential for greenwashing, and the blockchain technology for issuance and target’s monitoring transparency. In addition, this paper discusses the new trend of thematic bonds, such as those addressing gender characteristics, as innovative strategies to promote societal equity. The systematic literature review also explores the significance of SLBs as public instruments, like sovereign bonds or private instruments, while identifying research areas, including linking SLBs with the evolution of management theory.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/13/2/62sustainability-linked bondsGSSSBperformance-baseddebt financingsustainable financethematic bonds
spellingShingle Clarisse Heck Machado
Miguel Sousa
Manuel Castelo Branco
Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
International Journal of Financial Studies
sustainability-linked bonds
GSSSB
performance-based
debt financing
sustainable finance
thematic bonds
title Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
title_full Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
title_fullStr Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
title_full_unstemmed Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
title_short Sustainability-Linked Bonds Research: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis Review
title_sort sustainability linked bonds research a bibliometric and content analysis review
topic sustainability-linked bonds
GSSSB
performance-based
debt financing
sustainable finance
thematic bonds
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/13/2/62
work_keys_str_mv AT clarisseheckmachado sustainabilitylinkedbondsresearchabibliometricandcontentanalysisreview
AT miguelsousa sustainabilitylinkedbondsresearchabibliometricandcontentanalysisreview
AT manuelcastelobranco sustainabilitylinkedbondsresearchabibliometricandcontentanalysisreview