Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that significantly affects the quality of life, often leading to physical discomfort, emotional distress, and psychological comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety. This study aimed to systematically assess the neural oscill...

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Main Authors: Fei Gao, Mengru Wang, Huibin Jia, Georgi V. Georgiev, Yi Feng, Wenxia Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Pain Research
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1603345/full
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author Fei Gao
Mengru Wang
Huibin Jia
Georgi V. Georgiev
Yi Feng
Wenxia Li
author_facet Fei Gao
Mengru Wang
Huibin Jia
Georgi V. Georgiev
Yi Feng
Wenxia Li
author_sort Fei Gao
collection DOAJ
description Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that significantly affects the quality of life, often leading to physical discomfort, emotional distress, and psychological comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety. This study aimed to systematically assess the neural oscillatory activity and functional connectivity patterns in patients with PHN using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Overall, 21 patients with PHN and 17 healthy controls participated in this study. Resting-state EEG data were collected and analyzed. Power spectrum density analysis was conducted to compare frequency band activity, and correlation analyses were used to examine associations between EEG power and psychological symptoms. Functional connectivity was assessed using the weighted phase lag index. Power spectrum density analysis revealed significantly higher EEG power across the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands in patients with PHN compared with controls. Correlation analyses indicated that delta and theta frequency band power were positively associated with the Beck Depression Inventory scores, whereas delta frequency band power was negatively correlated with the State Anxiety Inventory scores. Additionally, functional connectivity analysis demonstrated reduced gamma-band connectivity in patients with PHN, particularly in regions of the sensorimotor and pain modulation networks. These findings suggest that PHN is characterized by widespread hyperactivity in neural circuits, accompanied by disrupted interregional communication. These results provide valuable insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying PHN and highlight potential biomarkers for developing targeted neuromodulatory treatments to alleviate pain and improve the psychological well-being of affected individuals.
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spelling doaj-art-4156486cb3024a25abe09cb2e592acb02025-08-20T03:56:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pain Research2673-561X2025-07-01610.3389/fpain.2025.16033451603345Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEGFei Gao0Mengru Wang1Huibin Jia2Georgi V. Georgiev3Yi Feng4Wenxia Li5Department of Pain Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Ubiquitous Computing, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandSchool of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, ChinaCenter for Ubiquitous Computing, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandDepartment of Pain Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaPostherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that significantly affects the quality of life, often leading to physical discomfort, emotional distress, and psychological comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety. This study aimed to systematically assess the neural oscillatory activity and functional connectivity patterns in patients with PHN using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Overall, 21 patients with PHN and 17 healthy controls participated in this study. Resting-state EEG data were collected and analyzed. Power spectrum density analysis was conducted to compare frequency band activity, and correlation analyses were used to examine associations between EEG power and psychological symptoms. Functional connectivity was assessed using the weighted phase lag index. Power spectrum density analysis revealed significantly higher EEG power across the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands in patients with PHN compared with controls. Correlation analyses indicated that delta and theta frequency band power were positively associated with the Beck Depression Inventory scores, whereas delta frequency band power was negatively correlated with the State Anxiety Inventory scores. Additionally, functional connectivity analysis demonstrated reduced gamma-band connectivity in patients with PHN, particularly in regions of the sensorimotor and pain modulation networks. These findings suggest that PHN is characterized by widespread hyperactivity in neural circuits, accompanied by disrupted interregional communication. These results provide valuable insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying PHN and highlight potential biomarkers for developing targeted neuromodulatory treatments to alleviate pain and improve the psychological well-being of affected individuals.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1603345/fullpostherpetic neuralgiaelectroencephalographypower spectrum densityfunctional connectivityneural oscillations
spellingShingle Fei Gao
Mengru Wang
Huibin Jia
Georgi V. Georgiev
Yi Feng
Wenxia Li
Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
Frontiers in Pain Research
postherpetic neuralgia
electroencephalography
power spectrum density
functional connectivity
neural oscillations
title Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
title_full Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
title_fullStr Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
title_full_unstemmed Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
title_short Altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia: evidence from resting-state EEG
title_sort altered neural oscillation patterns and functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia evidence from resting state eeg
topic postherpetic neuralgia
electroencephalography
power spectrum density
functional connectivity
neural oscillations
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1603345/full
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