An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms

Abstract In Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks, securing device connectivity through effective intrusion detection systems is essential for maintaining operational integrity. This paper presents an adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection that combines Artificial Neural Netw...

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Main Authors: Mohammad Zubair Khan, Aijaz Ahmad Reshi, Shabana Shafi, Ibrahim Aljubayri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Sustainability
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01141-9
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author Mohammad Zubair Khan
Aijaz Ahmad Reshi
Shabana Shafi
Ibrahim Aljubayri
author_facet Mohammad Zubair Khan
Aijaz Ahmad Reshi
Shabana Shafi
Ibrahim Aljubayri
author_sort Mohammad Zubair Khan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks, securing device connectivity through effective intrusion detection systems is essential for maintaining operational integrity. This paper presents an adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection that combines Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with Genetic Algorithms (GA) for feature optimization. This study utilizes the dataset, which is widely recognized benchmark for intrusion detection research. The dataset comprises 625783 network traffic samples, classified into five categories: Denial-of-Service (DoS), Probe, Remote-to-Local (R2L), User-to-Root (U2R), and Normal traffic. Initially, an ANN model was developed, yielding high accuracy but exhibiting signs of overfitting. To enhance generalization, we introduced L2 regularization, adjusted dropout rates, and optimized the learning rate, ultimately achieving a 99.7% validation accuracy with an AUC score of 0.9969. Additionally, Genetic Algorithms were employed to optimize feature selection, further refining the ANN’s input space to improve computational efficiency without sacrificing predictive power. After training over 50 epochs with early stopping, the model demonstrated exceptional robustness, achieving 99.5% accuracy on the test set, with precision and recall values of 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. This combination of ANN and GA yielded a highly efficient and sensitive framework, providing enhanced detection of anomalies in IIoT environments. The proposed hybrid model thus establishes a robust solution for real-time IIoT security, outperforming conventional detection systems through a strategic blend of neural learning and evolutionary optimization.
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spelling doaj-art-414380eee4384de8b3d0d29caf6b66002025-08-20T01:49:32ZengSpringerDiscover Sustainability2662-99842025-05-016112010.1007/s43621-025-01141-9An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithmsMohammad Zubair Khan0Aijaz Ahmad Reshi1Shabana Shafi2Ibrahim Aljubayri3Department of Computer Science and Information, Taibah UniversityDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah UniversityDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah UniversityDepartment of Computer Science and Information, Taibah UniversityAbstract In Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks, securing device connectivity through effective intrusion detection systems is essential for maintaining operational integrity. This paper presents an adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection that combines Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with Genetic Algorithms (GA) for feature optimization. This study utilizes the dataset, which is widely recognized benchmark for intrusion detection research. The dataset comprises 625783 network traffic samples, classified into five categories: Denial-of-Service (DoS), Probe, Remote-to-Local (R2L), User-to-Root (U2R), and Normal traffic. Initially, an ANN model was developed, yielding high accuracy but exhibiting signs of overfitting. To enhance generalization, we introduced L2 regularization, adjusted dropout rates, and optimized the learning rate, ultimately achieving a 99.7% validation accuracy with an AUC score of 0.9969. Additionally, Genetic Algorithms were employed to optimize feature selection, further refining the ANN’s input space to improve computational efficiency without sacrificing predictive power. After training over 50 epochs with early stopping, the model demonstrated exceptional robustness, achieving 99.5% accuracy on the test set, with precision and recall values of 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. This combination of ANN and GA yielded a highly efficient and sensitive framework, providing enhanced detection of anomalies in IIoT environments. The proposed hybrid model thus establishes a robust solution for real-time IIoT security, outperforming conventional detection systems through a strategic blend of neural learning and evolutionary optimization.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01141-9IIoTANNGenetic AlgorithmFeature Optimization
spellingShingle Mohammad Zubair Khan
Aijaz Ahmad Reshi
Shabana Shafi
Ibrahim Aljubayri
An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
Discover Sustainability
IIoT
ANN
Genetic Algorithm
Feature Optimization
title An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
title_full An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
title_fullStr An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
title_full_unstemmed An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
title_short An adaptive hybrid framework for IIoT intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
title_sort adaptive hybrid framework for iiot intrusion detection using neural networks and feature optimization using genetic algorithms
topic IIoT
ANN
Genetic Algorithm
Feature Optimization
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01141-9
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