Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications
Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/15/3104 |
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| author | Xiaokun Jiang Shamma Khan Adam Dykes Eugen Stulz Xunli Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiaokun Jiang Shamma Khan Adam Dykes Eugen Stulz Xunli Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiaokun Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and media composition, influence nanoparticle size, shape, and functionality. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial synthesis for its eco-friendly and scalable nature. The mechanisms of AgNP formation and their structural impact on biomedical performance are discussed. Key applications are examined including antimicrobial therapies, cancer treatment, drug delivery, and theranostics. Finally, the review addresses current challenges, such as reproducibility, scalability, morphological control, and biosafety, and outlines future directions for engineering AgNPs with tailored properties, paving the way for sustainable and effective next-generation biomedical solutions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4136ac55b06043569fafb66a8281e17d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-4136ac55b06043569fafb66a8281e17d2025-08-20T04:00:50ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-07-013015310410.3390/molecules30153104Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical ApplicationsXiaokun Jiang0Shamma Khan1Adam Dykes2Eugen Stulz3Xunli Zhang4Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKNanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and media composition, influence nanoparticle size, shape, and functionality. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial synthesis for its eco-friendly and scalable nature. The mechanisms of AgNP formation and their structural impact on biomedical performance are discussed. Key applications are examined including antimicrobial therapies, cancer treatment, drug delivery, and theranostics. Finally, the review addresses current challenges, such as reproducibility, scalability, morphological control, and biosafety, and outlines future directions for engineering AgNPs with tailored properties, paving the way for sustainable and effective next-generation biomedical solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/15/3104biogenic synthesisnanoparticlessilver nanoparticlesmechanisms of biogenic synthesisbiomedical applications |
| spellingShingle | Xiaokun Jiang Shamma Khan Adam Dykes Eugen Stulz Xunli Zhang Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications Molecules biogenic synthesis nanoparticles silver nanoparticles mechanisms of biogenic synthesis biomedical applications |
| title | Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications |
| title_full | Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications |
| title_short | Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications |
| title_sort | biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their diverse biomedical applications |
| topic | biogenic synthesis nanoparticles silver nanoparticles mechanisms of biogenic synthesis biomedical applications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/15/3104 |
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