Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas
This article presents an efficient near-field meta-steering antenna design using metasurfaces composed of waveguide-type, all-metal cells to achieve beam steering in both azimuth and elevation planes. The inherent rigidity of metallic metasurfaces at high temperatures ensures robust performance whil...
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| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10820318/ |
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| author | Maira I. Nabeel Muhammad U. Afzal Khushboo Singh Dushmantha N. Thalakotuna Karu P. Esselle |
| author_facet | Maira I. Nabeel Muhammad U. Afzal Khushboo Singh Dushmantha N. Thalakotuna Karu P. Esselle |
| author_sort | Maira I. Nabeel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents an efficient near-field meta-steering antenna design using metasurfaces composed of waveguide-type, all-metal cells to achieve beam steering in both azimuth and elevation planes. The inherent rigidity of metallic metasurfaces at high temperatures ensures robust performance while maintaining the mechanical stability offered by the waveguide-based framework. The use of shielded cells in the metasurface design helps mitigate pattern variations caused by mutual coupling among cells. The Jerusalem cross slots used in the cells are polarization-insensitive and utilise a phase delay technique to tune the cell phase response. Experimental results demonstrate a steering range of ±34° in the elevation plane and a complete 360-degree coverage in the azimuth plane. The antenna exhibits a planar profile with metasurfaces placed in the near field directly over a waveguide adapter and has an overall height of 75 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(3\lambda _{o})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 12 GHz design frequency. Regardless of the rotation of the metasurfaces, the antenna is matched from 11.3 to 12.8 GHz, whereas the 3 dB gain bandwidth is 700 MHz (11.9-12.6 GHz). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-411d9355378945a8be930a0bb949719f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-411d9355378945a8be930a0bb949719f2025-01-24T00:02:07ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113108571086910.1109/ACCESS.2025.352559010820318Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering AntennasMaira I. Nabeel0https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0943-2029Muhammad U. Afzal1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-408XKhushboo Singh2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-194XDushmantha N. Thalakotuna3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4504-6139Karu P. Esselle4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3681-0086School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, AustraliaThis article presents an efficient near-field meta-steering antenna design using metasurfaces composed of waveguide-type, all-metal cells to achieve beam steering in both azimuth and elevation planes. The inherent rigidity of metallic metasurfaces at high temperatures ensures robust performance while maintaining the mechanical stability offered by the waveguide-based framework. The use of shielded cells in the metasurface design helps mitigate pattern variations caused by mutual coupling among cells. The Jerusalem cross slots used in the cells are polarization-insensitive and utilise a phase delay technique to tune the cell phase response. Experimental results demonstrate a steering range of ±34° in the elevation plane and a complete 360-degree coverage in the azimuth plane. The antenna exhibits a planar profile with metasurfaces placed in the near field directly over a waveguide adapter and has an overall height of 75 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(3\lambda _{o})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 12 GHz design frequency. Regardless of the rotation of the metasurfaces, the antenna is matched from 11.3 to 12.8 GHz, whereas the 3 dB gain bandwidth is 700 MHz (11.9-12.6 GHz).https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10820318/Near-field phase transformationbeam steeringhigh-gain antennaphase gradient metasurfacesphase shifting surfacephase delay all metal unit cells |
| spellingShingle | Maira I. Nabeel Muhammad U. Afzal Khushboo Singh Dushmantha N. Thalakotuna Karu P. Esselle Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas IEEE Access Near-field phase transformation beam steering high-gain antenna phase gradient metasurfaces phase shifting surface phase delay all metal unit cells |
| title | Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas |
| title_full | Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas |
| title_fullStr | Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas |
| title_short | Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas |
| title_sort | waveguide based all metal near field metasurfaces for linearly and circularly polarized beam steering antennas |
| topic | Near-field phase transformation beam steering high-gain antenna phase gradient metasurfaces phase shifting surface phase delay all metal unit cells |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10820318/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mairainabeel waveguidebasedallmetalnearfieldmetasurfacesforlinearlyandcircularlypolarizedbeamsteeringantennas AT muhammaduafzal waveguidebasedallmetalnearfieldmetasurfacesforlinearlyandcircularlypolarizedbeamsteeringantennas AT khushboosingh waveguidebasedallmetalnearfieldmetasurfacesforlinearlyandcircularlypolarizedbeamsteeringantennas AT dushmanthanthalakotuna waveguidebasedallmetalnearfieldmetasurfacesforlinearlyandcircularlypolarizedbeamsteeringantennas AT karupesselle waveguidebasedallmetalnearfieldmetasurfacesforlinearlyandcircularlypolarizedbeamsteeringantennas |