The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study

Abstract Background Alfentanil, a short-acting µ opioid receptor agonist, has recently been confirmed that when combined with propofol for daytime hysteroscopy, it provided more stable hemodynamics compared with sufentanil, and has a lower incidence of hypoxemia and postoperative nausea and vomiting...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Run Gao, Shu-Xi Li, Yan-Hong Zhou, Li Xing, Jin-Peng Fu, Jian-Jun Shen, Xin-Zhong Chen, Li-Li Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Anesthesiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03217-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849342978213019648
author Run Gao
Shu-Xi Li
Yan-Hong Zhou
Li Xing
Jin-Peng Fu
Jian-Jun Shen
Xin-Zhong Chen
Li-Li Xu
author_facet Run Gao
Shu-Xi Li
Yan-Hong Zhou
Li Xing
Jin-Peng Fu
Jian-Jun Shen
Xin-Zhong Chen
Li-Li Xu
author_sort Run Gao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Alfentanil, a short-acting µ opioid receptor agonist, has recently been confirmed that when combined with propofol for daytime hysteroscopy, it provided more stable hemodynamics compared with sufentanil, and has a lower incidence of hypoxemia and postoperative nausea and vomiting. The object of the trial was to determine the median effective dose (ED50) and the 95% effective dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol and explore the effect of alfentanil on reducing ciprofol requirement during hysteroscopy. Methods One hundred and forty patients scheduled hysteroscopy under monitored anesthesia care were randomized to receive a bolus of 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1, 14 µg·kg−1 intravenous alfentanil or 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 intravenous sufentanil followed by a bolus of 0.5 mg·kg−1 ciprofol. Whether there was loss of response to cervical dilation or not in each patient was recorded. We used the probit analysis to determine ED50 and ED95 of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol. The requirement of ciprofol, the emergence time, the visual analogue scale score of pain at five time points, and the incidence of adverse events were recorded. Results The calculated ED50 and ED95 of alfentanil were 9.73 [95% CI 8.57 to 10.56] µg·kg−1 and 15.02 [95% CI 13.57 to 18.12] µg·kg−1, respectively. Ciprofol requirements were lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1 (0.795 [ 0.707 to 0.889] mg·kg−1), 12 µg·kg−1 (0.799 [0.601 to 0.913] mg·kg−1), and 14 µg·kg−1 (0.789 [0.660 to 0.968] mg·kg−1) alfentanil than those given 8 µg·kg−1 alfentanil (1.082 [ 0.853 to 1.271] mg·kg−1) alfentanil and 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 sufentanil (1.046 [0.861 to 1.427] mg·kg−1) (P < 0.001). Emergence time was lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1 (0.9 [0.8 to 1.2] min), 12 µg·kg−1 (0.8 [0.6 to 1.0] min) than those given 8 µg·kg−1 (1.9 [1.0 to 2.8] min) and 14 µg·kg−1 (1.5 [1.0 to 2.3] min) alfentanil, and 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (1.4 [1.0 to 2.0] min) (P < 0.001). The visual analogue scale score of pain at the time of 30 min and 1 h after surgery was lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1, and 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil when compared with 8 µg·kg−1 alfentanil and 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 sufentanil (P < 0.001). The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was lower in patients given 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1 alfentanil, and 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil than those given 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (P = 0.044), while the incidence of intraoperative desaturation was higher in patients given 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil than those given 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, and 12 µg·kg−1 alfentanil, and 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (P < 0.001). Conclusions For women undergoing hysteroscopic surgery, a dose of 10–12 µg·kg−1 of alfentanil was associated with significant ciprofol-sparing effect, earlier anesthesia emergence, better postoperative analgesia, and less unexpected hemodynamic events compared with sufentanil, but 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil had the risk of transient desaturation and delayed anesthesia recovery. Indications and the optimal dose of alfentanil in this patient population need further clarification. Trial registration The study was then registered on January 24, 2024 at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry which participates in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Identifier: ChiCTR2400080232) before enrolling the first participant and written informed consent was obtained by each patient.
format Article
id doaj-art-40e6a5cf5100499cbf991a528b0b209e
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2253
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Anesthesiology
spelling doaj-art-40e6a5cf5100499cbf991a528b0b209e2025-08-20T03:43:11ZengBMCBMC Anesthesiology1471-22532025-07-0125111210.1186/s12871-025-03217-5The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical studyRun Gao0Shu-Xi Li1Yan-Hong Zhou2Li Xing3Jin-Peng Fu4Jian-Jun Shen5Xin-Zhong Chen6Li-Li Xu7Department of Anesthesia, Suzhou Municipal HospitalDepartment of Anesthesia, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia, Hangzhou Linping Maternal and Child Health HospitalDepartment of Anesthesia, Jinhua municipal central hospitalDepartment of Anesthesia, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesia, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineAbstract Background Alfentanil, a short-acting µ opioid receptor agonist, has recently been confirmed that when combined with propofol for daytime hysteroscopy, it provided more stable hemodynamics compared with sufentanil, and has a lower incidence of hypoxemia and postoperative nausea and vomiting. The object of the trial was to determine the median effective dose (ED50) and the 95% effective dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol and explore the effect of alfentanil on reducing ciprofol requirement during hysteroscopy. Methods One hundred and forty patients scheduled hysteroscopy under monitored anesthesia care were randomized to receive a bolus of 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1, 14 µg·kg−1 intravenous alfentanil or 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 intravenous sufentanil followed by a bolus of 0.5 mg·kg−1 ciprofol. Whether there was loss of response to cervical dilation or not in each patient was recorded. We used the probit analysis to determine ED50 and ED95 of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol. The requirement of ciprofol, the emergence time, the visual analogue scale score of pain at five time points, and the incidence of adverse events were recorded. Results The calculated ED50 and ED95 of alfentanil were 9.73 [95% CI 8.57 to 10.56] µg·kg−1 and 15.02 [95% CI 13.57 to 18.12] µg·kg−1, respectively. Ciprofol requirements were lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1 (0.795 [ 0.707 to 0.889] mg·kg−1), 12 µg·kg−1 (0.799 [0.601 to 0.913] mg·kg−1), and 14 µg·kg−1 (0.789 [0.660 to 0.968] mg·kg−1) alfentanil than those given 8 µg·kg−1 alfentanil (1.082 [ 0.853 to 1.271] mg·kg−1) alfentanil and 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 sufentanil (1.046 [0.861 to 1.427] mg·kg−1) (P < 0.001). Emergence time was lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1 (0.9 [0.8 to 1.2] min), 12 µg·kg−1 (0.8 [0.6 to 1.0] min) than those given 8 µg·kg−1 (1.9 [1.0 to 2.8] min) and 14 µg·kg−1 (1.5 [1.0 to 2.3] min) alfentanil, and 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (1.4 [1.0 to 2.0] min) (P < 0.001). The visual analogue scale score of pain at the time of 30 min and 1 h after surgery was lower in patients given 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1, and 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil when compared with 8 µg·kg−1 alfentanil and 0.15 µg⋅kg−1 sufentanil (P < 0.001). The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was lower in patients given 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, 12 µg·kg−1 alfentanil, and 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil than those given 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (P = 0.044), while the incidence of intraoperative desaturation was higher in patients given 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil than those given 8 µg·kg−1, 10 µg·kg−1, and 12 µg·kg−1 alfentanil, and 0.15 µg·kg−1 sufentanil (P < 0.001). Conclusions For women undergoing hysteroscopic surgery, a dose of 10–12 µg·kg−1 of alfentanil was associated with significant ciprofol-sparing effect, earlier anesthesia emergence, better postoperative analgesia, and less unexpected hemodynamic events compared with sufentanil, but 14 µg·kg−1 alfentanil had the risk of transient desaturation and delayed anesthesia recovery. Indications and the optimal dose of alfentanil in this patient population need further clarification. Trial registration The study was then registered on January 24, 2024 at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry which participates in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Identifier: ChiCTR2400080232) before enrolling the first participant and written informed consent was obtained by each patient.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03217-5AlfentanilCiprofolCervical dilationHysteroscopy
spellingShingle Run Gao
Shu-Xi Li
Yan-Hong Zhou
Li Xing
Jin-Peng Fu
Jian-Jun Shen
Xin-Zhong Chen
Li-Li Xu
The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
BMC Anesthesiology
Alfentanil
Ciprofol
Cervical dilation
Hysteroscopy
title The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
title_full The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
title_fullStr The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
title_full_unstemmed The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
title_short The median Effective Dose (ED50) and the 95% Effective Dose (ED95) of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure: a prospective, double-blind, dose-finding clinical study
title_sort median effective dose ed50 and the 95 effective dose ed95 of alfentanil in inhibiting responses to cervical dilation when combined with ciprofol during hysteroscopic procedure a prospective double blind dose finding clinical study
topic Alfentanil
Ciprofol
Cervical dilation
Hysteroscopy
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03217-5
work_keys_str_mv AT rungao themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT shuxili themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT yanhongzhou themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT lixing themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT jinpengfu themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT jianjunshen themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT xinzhongchen themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT lilixu themedianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT rungao medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT shuxili medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT yanhongzhou medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT lixing medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT jinpengfu medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT jianjunshen medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT xinzhongchen medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy
AT lilixu medianeffectivedoseed50andthe95effectivedoseed95ofalfentanilininhibitingresponsestocervicaldilationwhencombinedwithciprofolduringhysteroscopicprocedureaprospectivedoubleblinddosefindingclinicalstudy