Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head
Background/Aim. Electromagnetic field exposure is the one of the most important physical agents that actively affects live organisms and environment. Active use of mobile phones influences the increase of electromagnetic field radiation. The aim of the study was to measure and assess the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
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| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2016/0042-84501500044B.pdf |
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| _version_ | 1849305013612969984 |
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| author | Buckus Raimondas Strukcinskiene Birute Raistenskis Juozas Stukas Rimantas |
| author_facet | Buckus Raimondas Strukcinskiene Birute Raistenskis Juozas Stukas Rimantas |
| author_sort | Buckus Raimondas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Aim. Electromagnetic field exposure is the one of the most
important physical agents that actively affects live organisms and
environment. Active use of mobile phones influences the increase of
electromagnetic field radiation. The aim of the study was to measure and
assess the electric field strength caused by mobile phones to the human head.
Methods. In this paper the software “COMSOL Multiphysics” was used to
establish the electric field strength created by mobile phones around the
head. Results. The second generation (2G) Global System for Mobile (GSM)
phones that operate in the frequency band of 900 MHz and reach the power of 2
W have a stronger electric field than (2G) GSM mobile phones that operate in
the higher frequency band of 1,800 MHz and reach the power up to 1 W during
conversation. The third generation of (3G) UMTS smart phones that effectively
use high (2,100 MHz) radio frequency band emit the smallest electric field
strength values during conversation. The highest electric field strength
created by mobile phones is around the ear, i.e. the mobile phone location.
The strength of mobile phone electric field on the phantom head decreases
exponentially while moving sidewards from the center of the effect zone (the
ear), and constitutes 1-12% of the artificial head’s surface. Conclusion. The
highest electric field strength values of mobile phones are associated with
their higher power, bigger specific energy absorption rate (SAR) and lower
frequency of mobile phone. The stronger electric field emitted by the more
powerful mobile phones takes a higher percentage of the head surface. The
highest electric field strength created by mobile phones is distributed over
the user ear. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-40c77fa62e3744c4bab64533ffa7e5de |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0042-8450 2406-0720 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
| spelling | doaj-art-40c77fa62e3744c4bab64533ffa7e5de2025-08-20T03:55:35ZengMinistry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, BelgradeVojnosanitetski Pregled0042-84502406-07202016-01-0173653854310.2298/VSP141221044B0042-84501500044BModelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human headBuckus Raimondas0Strukcinskiene Birute1Raistenskis Juozas2Stukas Rimantas3Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, LithuaniaKlaipeda University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Klaipeda, LithuaniaVilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, LithuaniaVilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, LithuaniaBackground/Aim. Electromagnetic field exposure is the one of the most important physical agents that actively affects live organisms and environment. Active use of mobile phones influences the increase of electromagnetic field radiation. The aim of the study was to measure and assess the electric field strength caused by mobile phones to the human head. Methods. In this paper the software “COMSOL Multiphysics” was used to establish the electric field strength created by mobile phones around the head. Results. The second generation (2G) Global System for Mobile (GSM) phones that operate in the frequency band of 900 MHz and reach the power of 2 W have a stronger electric field than (2G) GSM mobile phones that operate in the higher frequency band of 1,800 MHz and reach the power up to 1 W during conversation. The third generation of (3G) UMTS smart phones that effectively use high (2,100 MHz) radio frequency band emit the smallest electric field strength values during conversation. The highest electric field strength created by mobile phones is around the ear, i.e. the mobile phone location. The strength of mobile phone electric field on the phantom head decreases exponentially while moving sidewards from the center of the effect zone (the ear), and constitutes 1-12% of the artificial head’s surface. Conclusion. The highest electric field strength values of mobile phones are associated with their higher power, bigger specific energy absorption rate (SAR) and lower frequency of mobile phone. The stronger electric field emitted by the more powerful mobile phones takes a higher percentage of the head surface. The highest electric field strength created by mobile phones is distributed over the user ear.http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2016/0042-84501500044B.pdfcellular phoneelectromagnetic fieldshealthhead |
| spellingShingle | Buckus Raimondas Strukcinskiene Birute Raistenskis Juozas Stukas Rimantas Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head Vojnosanitetski Pregled cellular phone electromagnetic fields health head |
| title | Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| title_full | Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| title_fullStr | Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| title_short | Modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| title_sort | modelling and assessment of the electric field strength caused by mobile phone to the human head |
| topic | cellular phone electromagnetic fields health head |
| url | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2016/0042-84501500044B.pdf |
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