The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI)
Abstract Background Continuing high levels of population physical inactivity necessitate effective government policies to cultivate healthy physical activity (PA) environments. The Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) is a monitoring framework and tool to assess the implementation of...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Health Research Policy and Systems |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-025-01340-w |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849730776746164224 |
|---|---|
| author | Fleur Heuvelman Jeroen Lakerveld Kevin Volf Catherine B. Woods Suzanne van Mourik-Boelema Saskia van den Berg Nicolette R. den Braver |
| author_facet | Fleur Heuvelman Jeroen Lakerveld Kevin Volf Catherine B. Woods Suzanne van Mourik-Boelema Saskia van den Berg Nicolette R. den Braver |
| author_sort | Fleur Heuvelman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Continuing high levels of population physical inactivity necessitate effective government policies to cultivate healthy physical activity (PA) environments. The Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) is a monitoring framework and tool to assess the implementation of policies that promote PA. This study aims to assess the extent of PA policy implementation in the Netherlands and identify recommendations for action to improve its PA environment, using the PA-EPI. Methods The PA-EPI application was a stepwise process in which evidence of policy implementation was collected and validated by government officials. A cross-sectoral coalition of non-government independent experts then rated the extent of implementation of 45 indicators of ideal good practice, comparing them against international best practice. On the basis of these expert ratings, a scorecard categorized indicators into high, medium, low or none/very little implementation. In turn, future implementation recommendations were identified by independent experts, prioritized and disseminated. Results The evidence validation by government officials (N = 15) yielded minor changes. Independent experts (N = 14) gave 10 out of the 45 indicators a low implementation score, 28 a medium score and 7 a high score. The policy domain of transport and the infrastructure support domain of monitoring and intelligence received high implementation scores. The policy domains of mass media and workplace and the infrastructure support domains of leadership, funding and resources and workforce development received only low scores. Some domains received both high and low implementation scores (i.e. the policy domains of education and sport and recreation for all and the infrastructure support domain of governance). A total of 36 policy recommendations and 26 infrastructure support recommendations were identified. The top prioritized policy recommendations fell within the urban design, education, transport, and sport and recreation for all domains. For infrastructure support, the top prioritized recommendations related to the leadership, funding and resources, and governance domains. Conclusions The results reveal important policy implementation gaps and strengths across several domains in the Netherlands. Prioritized recommendations are provided for the government to address these implementation gaps and monitor policy change. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-40643c6a4de74395a8f370a2bf412f35 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1478-4505 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Research Policy and Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-40643c6a4de74395a8f370a2bf412f352025-08-20T03:08:46ZengBMCHealth Research Policy and Systems1478-45052025-05-0123111710.1186/s12961-025-01340-wThe implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI)Fleur Heuvelman0Jeroen Lakerveld1Kevin Volf2Catherine B. Woods3Suzanne van Mourik-Boelema4Saskia van den Berg5Nicolette R. den Braver6Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije UniversiteitDepartment of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije UniversiteitDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of LimerickDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of LimerickCentre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentCentre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentDepartment of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije UniversiteitAbstract Background Continuing high levels of population physical inactivity necessitate effective government policies to cultivate healthy physical activity (PA) environments. The Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) is a monitoring framework and tool to assess the implementation of policies that promote PA. This study aims to assess the extent of PA policy implementation in the Netherlands and identify recommendations for action to improve its PA environment, using the PA-EPI. Methods The PA-EPI application was a stepwise process in which evidence of policy implementation was collected and validated by government officials. A cross-sectoral coalition of non-government independent experts then rated the extent of implementation of 45 indicators of ideal good practice, comparing them against international best practice. On the basis of these expert ratings, a scorecard categorized indicators into high, medium, low or none/very little implementation. In turn, future implementation recommendations were identified by independent experts, prioritized and disseminated. Results The evidence validation by government officials (N = 15) yielded minor changes. Independent experts (N = 14) gave 10 out of the 45 indicators a low implementation score, 28 a medium score and 7 a high score. The policy domain of transport and the infrastructure support domain of monitoring and intelligence received high implementation scores. The policy domains of mass media and workplace and the infrastructure support domains of leadership, funding and resources and workforce development received only low scores. Some domains received both high and low implementation scores (i.e. the policy domains of education and sport and recreation for all and the infrastructure support domain of governance). A total of 36 policy recommendations and 26 infrastructure support recommendations were identified. The top prioritized policy recommendations fell within the urban design, education, transport, and sport and recreation for all domains. For infrastructure support, the top prioritized recommendations related to the leadership, funding and resources, and governance domains. Conclusions The results reveal important policy implementation gaps and strengths across several domains in the Netherlands. Prioritized recommendations are provided for the government to address these implementation gaps and monitor policy change.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-025-01340-w |
| spellingShingle | Fleur Heuvelman Jeroen Lakerveld Kevin Volf Catherine B. Woods Suzanne van Mourik-Boelema Saskia van den Berg Nicolette R. den Braver The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) Health Research Policy and Systems |
| title | The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) |
| title_full | The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) |
| title_fullStr | The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) |
| title_short | The implementation of physical activity policies in the Netherlands: a study applying the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI) |
| title_sort | implementation of physical activity policies in the netherlands a study applying the physical activity environment policy index pa epi |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-025-01340-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fleurheuvelman theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT jeroenlakerveld theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT kevinvolf theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT catherinebwoods theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT suzannevanmourikboelema theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT saskiavandenberg theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT nicoletterdenbraver theimplementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT fleurheuvelman implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT jeroenlakerveld implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT kevinvolf implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT catherinebwoods implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT suzannevanmourikboelema implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT saskiavandenberg implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi AT nicoletterdenbraver implementationofphysicalactivitypoliciesinthenetherlandsastudyapplyingthephysicalactivityenvironmentpolicyindexpaepi |