Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.

Trypanosomatids have been shown to possess an exclusive and finely regulated biosynthetic pathway for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (FAs) and particularly of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The key enzymes for the process of unsaturation are known as desaturases. In this work, we explored th...

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Main Authors: Michela Cerone, Terry K Smith
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-02-01
Series:PLoS Pathogens
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012691
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author Michela Cerone
Terry K Smith
author_facet Michela Cerone
Terry K Smith
author_sort Michela Cerone
collection DOAJ
description Trypanosomatids have been shown to possess an exclusive and finely regulated biosynthetic pathway for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (FAs) and particularly of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The key enzymes for the process of unsaturation are known as desaturases. In this work, we explored the biocatalytic activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase (Tb11.v5.0580) in the native organism T. brucei, whose expression level varies dramatically between life cycle stages. Utilising FA analysis via GC-MS, we were able to elucidate i) via genetic manipulation of the level of expression of Δ6-desaturases in both procyclic (PCF) and bloodstream (BSF) forms of T. brucei and ii) via supplementation of the media with various levels of FA sources, that docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and/or docosapentaenoic acid (22:5) are the products, while arachidonic acid (20:4) and/or docosatetraenoic acid (22:4) are the substrates of this Δ6-desaturase. Surprisingly, we were able to observe, via lipidomic analysis with ESI-MS/MS, an increase in inositol-phosphoryl ceramide (IPC) in response to the overexpression of Δ6-desaturase in low-fat media in BSF. The formation of IPC is normally only observed in the stumpy and procyclic forms of T. brucei. Therefore, the expression levels of Δ6-desaturases, which increases between BSF, stumpy and PCF, might be involved in the cascade(s) of metabolic events that contributes to these remodelling of the lipid pools and ultimately morphological changes, which are key to the transition between these life-cycle stages. We were in fact able to show that the overexpression of Δ6-desaturase is indeed linked to the expression of protein associated with differentiation (PAD1) in stumpy, and of the upregulation of some proteins and metabolites which are normally upregulated in stumpy and PCF.
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spelling doaj-art-40550f8da2174c81afbacef0a69c2e452025-08-20T02:56:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742025-02-01212e101269110.1371/journal.ppat.1012691Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.Michela CeroneTerry K SmithTrypanosomatids have been shown to possess an exclusive and finely regulated biosynthetic pathway for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (FAs) and particularly of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The key enzymes for the process of unsaturation are known as desaturases. In this work, we explored the biocatalytic activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase (Tb11.v5.0580) in the native organism T. brucei, whose expression level varies dramatically between life cycle stages. Utilising FA analysis via GC-MS, we were able to elucidate i) via genetic manipulation of the level of expression of Δ6-desaturases in both procyclic (PCF) and bloodstream (BSF) forms of T. brucei and ii) via supplementation of the media with various levels of FA sources, that docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and/or docosapentaenoic acid (22:5) are the products, while arachidonic acid (20:4) and/or docosatetraenoic acid (22:4) are the substrates of this Δ6-desaturase. Surprisingly, we were able to observe, via lipidomic analysis with ESI-MS/MS, an increase in inositol-phosphoryl ceramide (IPC) in response to the overexpression of Δ6-desaturase in low-fat media in BSF. The formation of IPC is normally only observed in the stumpy and procyclic forms of T. brucei. Therefore, the expression levels of Δ6-desaturases, which increases between BSF, stumpy and PCF, might be involved in the cascade(s) of metabolic events that contributes to these remodelling of the lipid pools and ultimately morphological changes, which are key to the transition between these life-cycle stages. We were in fact able to show that the overexpression of Δ6-desaturase is indeed linked to the expression of protein associated with differentiation (PAD1) in stumpy, and of the upregulation of some proteins and metabolites which are normally upregulated in stumpy and PCF.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012691
spellingShingle Michela Cerone
Terry K Smith
Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
PLoS Pathogens
title Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
title_full Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
title_fullStr Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
title_short Exploring the activity of the putative Δ6-desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life-cycle transitions in Trypanosoma brucei.
title_sort exploring the activity of the putative δ6 desaturase and its role in bloodstream form life cycle transitions in trypanosoma brucei
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012691
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