Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics
Atmospheric moisture is emerging as a ubiquitous energy source for energy harvesting. However, a practical long‐life device has not been realized, and theoretical aspects including mechanisms and thermodynamics have not been fully clarified. Here, this study provides a practical device and a thermod...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Advanced Energy & Sustainability Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202400342 |
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| author | Yusuke Komazaki Taiki Nobeshima Hirotada Hirama Yuichi Watanabe Kouji Suemori Sei Uemura |
| author_facet | Yusuke Komazaki Taiki Nobeshima Hirotada Hirama Yuichi Watanabe Kouji Suemori Sei Uemura |
| author_sort | Yusuke Komazaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atmospheric moisture is emerging as a ubiquitous energy source for energy harvesting. However, a practical long‐life device has not been realized, and theoretical aspects including mechanisms and thermodynamics have not been fully clarified. Here, this study provides a practical device and a thermodynamic theory for a concentration cell‐based hygroelectric generator (hygroelectric cell, HEC), which enables high‐power and long‐term electricity generation by day/night humidity changes. Using a Li1+x+yAlxTi2−xSiyP3−yO12 glass–ceramic solid electrolyte membrane with no water permeability, an ideal HEC without self‐discharge is realized. The ideal HEC generates electricity in an outdoor environment for over three months with a maximum power density of 60.4 μW cm−2 and an average power density of 3.0 μW cm−2. The maximum power density in the experimental environment reaches 436 μW cm−2. This is 68 times higher than conventional HECs with polymer‐based cation‐exchange membranes. The ideal HEC can also drive a wireless sensor for more than four months. Furthermore, a thermodynamic model of the ideal HEC, which enables calculations of the maximum work and maximum efficiency, is derived and the model is verified by experiments. This study provides new insights into both thermodynamic theory and device development aspects of the humidity‐based energy harvesting. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4050381d30cc4738b8cc7002bced89e5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2699-9412 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Energy & Sustainability Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4050381d30cc4738b8cc7002bced89e52025-08-20T03:16:35ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Energy & Sustainability Research2699-94122025-03-0163n/an/a10.1002/aesr.202400342Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its ThermodynamicsYusuke Komazaki0Taiki Nobeshima1Hirotada Hirama2Yuichi Watanabe3Kouji Suemori4Sei Uemura5Human Augmentation Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa II Campus University of Tokyo 6‐2‐3 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277‐0882 JapanHuman Augmentation Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa II Campus University of Tokyo 6‐2‐3 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277‐0882 JapanHuman Augmentation Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa II Campus University of Tokyo 6‐2‐3 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277‐0882 JapanSensing System Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8565 JapanSensing System Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8565 JapanSensing System Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8565 JapanAtmospheric moisture is emerging as a ubiquitous energy source for energy harvesting. However, a practical long‐life device has not been realized, and theoretical aspects including mechanisms and thermodynamics have not been fully clarified. Here, this study provides a practical device and a thermodynamic theory for a concentration cell‐based hygroelectric generator (hygroelectric cell, HEC), which enables high‐power and long‐term electricity generation by day/night humidity changes. Using a Li1+x+yAlxTi2−xSiyP3−yO12 glass–ceramic solid electrolyte membrane with no water permeability, an ideal HEC without self‐discharge is realized. The ideal HEC generates electricity in an outdoor environment for over three months with a maximum power density of 60.4 μW cm−2 and an average power density of 3.0 μW cm−2. The maximum power density in the experimental environment reaches 436 μW cm−2. This is 68 times higher than conventional HECs with polymer‐based cation‐exchange membranes. The ideal HEC can also drive a wireless sensor for more than four months. Furthermore, a thermodynamic model of the ideal HEC, which enables calculations of the maximum work and maximum efficiency, is derived and the model is verified by experiments. This study provides new insights into both thermodynamic theory and device development aspects of the humidity‐based energy harvesting.https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202400342deliquescenceshydrovoltaiclithium chloridesmoisture‐enabled electricity generationsnanogenerators |
| spellingShingle | Yusuke Komazaki Taiki Nobeshima Hirotada Hirama Yuichi Watanabe Kouji Suemori Sei Uemura Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics Advanced Energy & Sustainability Research deliquescences hydrovoltaic lithium chlorides moisture‐enabled electricity generations nanogenerators |
| title | Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics |
| title_full | Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics |
| title_fullStr | Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics |
| title_short | Hygroelectric Energy Harvesting by Daily Humidity Cycles and its Thermodynamics |
| title_sort | hygroelectric energy harvesting by daily humidity cycles and its thermodynamics |
| topic | deliquescences hydrovoltaic lithium chlorides moisture‐enabled electricity generations nanogenerators |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202400342 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yusukekomazaki hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics AT taikinobeshima hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics AT hirotadahirama hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics AT yuichiwatanabe hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics AT koujisuemori hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics AT seiuemura hygroelectricenergyharvestingbydailyhumiditycyclesanditsthermodynamics |