Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c

Background To investigate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth (PTB) according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (pp-BMI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) within the normal range.Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study between July 2017 an...

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Main Authors: Xiaoxiao Zhang, Binbin Yin, Kaiqi Wu, Lei Fang, Yan Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2359671
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author Xiaoxiao Zhang
Binbin Yin
Kaiqi Wu
Lei Fang
Yan Chen
author_facet Xiaoxiao Zhang
Binbin Yin
Kaiqi Wu
Lei Fang
Yan Chen
author_sort Xiaoxiao Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Background To investigate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth (PTB) according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (pp-BMI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) within the normal range.Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study between July 2017 and January 2020 at Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Women were classified into three groups (inadequate GWG, appropriate GWG, and excessive GWG). In addition, women were divided into different subgroups according to pp-BMI and HbA1c. We estimated the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the associations between GWG and the risk of PTB. Meanwhile, we adjusted for possible confounding factors, including maternal age, infant sex, family history of diabetes, education, pregnancy mode, delivery mode, parity, and gravidity.Results The study involved 23,699 pregnant women, of which 1124 (4.70%) were PTB. Women who had inadequate GWG were found to have a significantly higher risk of PTB compared to women with appropriate GWG. In contrast, women with excessive GWG had a reduced risk of PTB. Similarly, GWG and PTB had similar risk associations in the HbA1c and pp-BMI subgroups. Among women with pp-BMI <18.5 kg/m2, women with inadequate GWG had a significantly increased risk of PTB compared with women in the control group (HbA1c 4.6–5.0%, appropriate GWG), and the risk increased with increasing HbA1c levels. Similar results were observed in women with normal pp-BMI.Conclusions There was a significant association between GWG and the risk of PTB, but the risk varied by pp-BMI and HbA1c levels. Reasonable weight gain during pregnancy is essential to prevent PTB. Furthermore, while HbA1c is within the normal range, the higher levels should be noticed.
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series Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
spelling doaj-art-40049522ebfa48679e1d1ab345ae037b2025-01-09T12:13:18ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology0144-36151364-68932024-12-0144110.1080/01443615.2024.2359671Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1cXiaoxiao Zhang0Binbin Yin1Kaiqi Wu2Lei Fang3Yan Chen4Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ChinaBackground To investigate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth (PTB) according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (pp-BMI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) within the normal range.Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study between July 2017 and January 2020 at Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Women were classified into three groups (inadequate GWG, appropriate GWG, and excessive GWG). In addition, women were divided into different subgroups according to pp-BMI and HbA1c. We estimated the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the associations between GWG and the risk of PTB. Meanwhile, we adjusted for possible confounding factors, including maternal age, infant sex, family history of diabetes, education, pregnancy mode, delivery mode, parity, and gravidity.Results The study involved 23,699 pregnant women, of which 1124 (4.70%) were PTB. Women who had inadequate GWG were found to have a significantly higher risk of PTB compared to women with appropriate GWG. In contrast, women with excessive GWG had a reduced risk of PTB. Similarly, GWG and PTB had similar risk associations in the HbA1c and pp-BMI subgroups. Among women with pp-BMI <18.5 kg/m2, women with inadequate GWG had a significantly increased risk of PTB compared with women in the control group (HbA1c 4.6–5.0%, appropriate GWG), and the risk increased with increasing HbA1c levels. Similar results were observed in women with normal pp-BMI.Conclusions There was a significant association between GWG and the risk of PTB, but the risk varied by pp-BMI and HbA1c levels. Reasonable weight gain during pregnancy is essential to prevent PTB. Furthermore, while HbA1c is within the normal range, the higher levels should be noticed.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2359671Gestational weight gainpre-pregnancy body mass indexHbA1cpreterm birth
spellingShingle Xiaoxiao Zhang
Binbin Yin
Kaiqi Wu
Lei Fang
Yan Chen
Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Gestational weight gain
pre-pregnancy body mass index
HbA1c
preterm birth
title Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
title_full Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
title_fullStr Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
title_full_unstemmed Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
title_short Association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and HbA1c
title_sort association between maternal gestation weight gain and preterm birth according to pre pregnancy body mass index and hba1c
topic Gestational weight gain
pre-pregnancy body mass index
HbA1c
preterm birth
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2359671
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