Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aptamer-based biosensors present a potential alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, with numerous studies demonstrating their diagnostic accuracy. A systematic review and meta-analysis are needed for evidence synthesis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Sci...

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Main Authors: Isa Haruna Mohammed, Basiru Aliyu, Peisan E. Sharel, Syafinaz Amin-Nordin, Hui Yee Chee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Heliyon
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025017463
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author Isa Haruna Mohammed
Basiru Aliyu
Peisan E. Sharel
Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
Hui Yee Chee
author_facet Isa Haruna Mohammed
Basiru Aliyu
Peisan E. Sharel
Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
Hui Yee Chee
author_sort Isa Haruna Mohammed
collection DOAJ
description Aptamer-based biosensors present a potential alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, with numerous studies demonstrating their diagnostic accuracy. A systematic review and meta-analysis are needed for evidence synthesis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, MEDLINE, as well as Embase (via Ovid) to pool articles aiming at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of Aptamer-based biosensors in the detection of COVID-19. Using Meta-DiSc software, data from fourteen (14) included studies involving a total of 8082 clinical samples were pooled and analysed to generate a summary of the sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), as well as area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for aptamer-based electrochemical, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), and Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Assay (ELONA) and fluorescence sensing platforms. Among these platforms, the SERS demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance, with an overall 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.91–0.99) sensitivity, 0.98 (95 % CI:0.95–1.00) specificity, 766.63 (95 % CI: 133.85–4391.03) DOR and 0.98 AUC, a PLR of 33.09 (8.53–128.36) and a NLR of 0.04 (0.02–0.12). These findings underscore the high sensitivity of the SERS platform in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the limited number of studies included in each sensing platform used for the meta-analysis restricts any generalization from the pooled data.
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spelling doaj-art-3ffb1cbea8254aefa5bbd15d3662657e2025-08-20T02:02:17ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-05-011110e4336210.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43362Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysisIsa Haruna Mohammed0Basiru Aliyu1Peisan E. Sharel2Syafinaz Amin-Nordin3Hui Yee Chee4Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaSchool of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UKDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Corresponding author.Aptamer-based biosensors present a potential alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, with numerous studies demonstrating their diagnostic accuracy. A systematic review and meta-analysis are needed for evidence synthesis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, MEDLINE, as well as Embase (via Ovid) to pool articles aiming at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of Aptamer-based biosensors in the detection of COVID-19. Using Meta-DiSc software, data from fourteen (14) included studies involving a total of 8082 clinical samples were pooled and analysed to generate a summary of the sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), as well as area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for aptamer-based electrochemical, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), and Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Assay (ELONA) and fluorescence sensing platforms. Among these platforms, the SERS demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance, with an overall 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.91–0.99) sensitivity, 0.98 (95 % CI:0.95–1.00) specificity, 766.63 (95 % CI: 133.85–4391.03) DOR and 0.98 AUC, a PLR of 33.09 (8.53–128.36) and a NLR of 0.04 (0.02–0.12). These findings underscore the high sensitivity of the SERS platform in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the limited number of studies included in each sensing platform used for the meta-analysis restricts any generalization from the pooled data.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025017463AptamersBiosensorsDiagnostic performanceSARS-CoV-2RT-PCR
spellingShingle Isa Haruna Mohammed
Basiru Aliyu
Peisan E. Sharel
Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
Hui Yee Chee
Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Heliyon
Aptamers
Biosensors
Diagnostic performance
SARS-CoV-2
RT-PCR
title Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Diagnostic accuracy of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 compared to RT-PCR: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort diagnostic accuracy of aptamer based biosensors for the detection of sars cov 2 compared to rt pcr a systematic review and meta analysis
topic Aptamers
Biosensors
Diagnostic performance
SARS-CoV-2
RT-PCR
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025017463
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