OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation

Accurate localization is critical for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in applications such as military operations, search and rescue, and environmental monitoring. However, existing open-source UAV datasets often lack the synchronization and detail necessary for high-precision localization in comple...

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Main Authors: Imen Jarraya, Mohamed Abdelkader, Khaled Gabr, Muhammad Bilal Kadri, Fatimah Alahmed, Wadii Boulila, Anis Koubaa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Results in Engineering
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025026829
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author Imen Jarraya
Mohamed Abdelkader
Khaled Gabr
Muhammad Bilal Kadri
Fatimah Alahmed
Wadii Boulila
Anis Koubaa
author_facet Imen Jarraya
Mohamed Abdelkader
Khaled Gabr
Muhammad Bilal Kadri
Fatimah Alahmed
Wadii Boulila
Anis Koubaa
author_sort Imen Jarraya
collection DOAJ
description Accurate localization is critical for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in applications such as military operations, search and rescue, and environmental monitoring. However, existing open-source UAV datasets often lack the synchronization and detail necessary for high-precision localization in complex outdoor environments. To address this, the Open Source ROS2 Framework for Outdoor UAV Dataset Generation (OS-RFODG) is proposed as a cost-effective tool for generating multi-sensor UAV localization datasets. These datasets support the benchmarking of various localization methods, including learning-based models and sensor fusion techniques. OS-RFODG integrates Robot Operating System 2 (ROS2) with the PX4 autopilot, Gazebo simulator, and QGroundControl (QGC) to collect synchronized data from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), camera, and barometer sensors. Geospatial data from Quantum GIS (QGIS) and Blender is used to create detailed 3D digital maps, improving terrain realism and spatial accuracy. Validation was conducted in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia, featuring six UAV flights across diverse terrains, with distances ranging from 3.23 km to 14.70 km. In the first evaluation, GPS tracks were exported as Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files and overlaid onto Google Earth imagery, showing strong alignment with real-world terrain. In the second evaluation, the framework achieved RMSE values between 13.59 m and 19.50 m in trajectory alignment relative to a digital 3D GeoTIFF map. Additionally, image-based localization using SIFT keypoint matching reached precision scores up to 0.8964 and spatial RMSEs below 1.34 m. OS-RFODG open-source architecture ensures reproducibility and easy integration into UAV research workflows.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2590-1230
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publishDate 2025-09-01
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spelling doaj-art-3fe4a4e782d046d39a6f304b4c7dd6692025-08-20T03:41:17ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-09-012710661310.1016/j.rineng.2025.106613OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generationImen Jarraya0Mohamed Abdelkader1Khaled Gabr2Muhammad Bilal Kadri3Fatimah Alahmed4Wadii Boulila5Anis Koubaa6Robotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Robotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi ArabiaRobotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi ArabiaRobotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi ArabiaRobotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi ArabiaRobotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi ArabiaAlfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaAccurate localization is critical for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in applications such as military operations, search and rescue, and environmental monitoring. However, existing open-source UAV datasets often lack the synchronization and detail necessary for high-precision localization in complex outdoor environments. To address this, the Open Source ROS2 Framework for Outdoor UAV Dataset Generation (OS-RFODG) is proposed as a cost-effective tool for generating multi-sensor UAV localization datasets. These datasets support the benchmarking of various localization methods, including learning-based models and sensor fusion techniques. OS-RFODG integrates Robot Operating System 2 (ROS2) with the PX4 autopilot, Gazebo simulator, and QGroundControl (QGC) to collect synchronized data from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), camera, and barometer sensors. Geospatial data from Quantum GIS (QGIS) and Blender is used to create detailed 3D digital maps, improving terrain realism and spatial accuracy. Validation was conducted in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia, featuring six UAV flights across diverse terrains, with distances ranging from 3.23 km to 14.70 km. In the first evaluation, GPS tracks were exported as Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files and overlaid onto Google Earth imagery, showing strong alignment with real-world terrain. In the second evaluation, the framework achieved RMSE values between 13.59 m and 19.50 m in trajectory alignment relative to a digital 3D GeoTIFF map. Additionally, image-based localization using SIFT keypoint matching reached precision scores up to 0.8964 and spatial RMSEs below 1.34 m. OS-RFODG open-source architecture ensures reproducibility and easy integration into UAV research workflows.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025026829UAV localizationDataset generationROS2 frameworkGeospatial mappingSensor data synchronization
spellingShingle Imen Jarraya
Mohamed Abdelkader
Khaled Gabr
Muhammad Bilal Kadri
Fatimah Alahmed
Wadii Boulila
Anis Koubaa
OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
Results in Engineering
UAV localization
Dataset generation
ROS2 framework
Geospatial mapping
Sensor data synchronization
title OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
title_full OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
title_fullStr OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
title_full_unstemmed OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
title_short OS-RFODG: Open-source ROS2 framework for outdoor UAV dataset generation
title_sort os rfodg open source ros2 framework for outdoor uav dataset generation
topic UAV localization
Dataset generation
ROS2 framework
Geospatial mapping
Sensor data synchronization
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025026829
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AT khaledgabr osrfodgopensourceros2frameworkforoutdooruavdatasetgeneration
AT muhammadbilalkadri osrfodgopensourceros2frameworkforoutdooruavdatasetgeneration
AT fatimahalahmed osrfodgopensourceros2frameworkforoutdooruavdatasetgeneration
AT wadiiboulila osrfodgopensourceros2frameworkforoutdooruavdatasetgeneration
AT aniskoubaa osrfodgopensourceros2frameworkforoutdooruavdatasetgeneration