Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of various combinations of exercise prescription variables—namely type, duration, frequency, and period—on improving chronic low back pain (CLBP) in adults. The goal is to provide evidence to inform the development of exercise prescriptions for CLBP...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ke Zhao, Ping Zhang, Hua Li, Li Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1512450/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849717478162169856
author Ke Zhao
Ke Zhao
Ping Zhang
Hua Li
Li Li
author_facet Ke Zhao
Ke Zhao
Ping Zhang
Hua Li
Li Li
author_sort Ke Zhao
collection DOAJ
description ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of various combinations of exercise prescription variables—namely type, duration, frequency, and period—on improving chronic low back pain (CLBP) in adults. The goal is to provide evidence to inform the development of exercise prescriptions for CLBP interventions.MethodsData sources were obtained from EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane, with the search conducted up to June 30, 2024. Two independent reviewers screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using Stata 17.0 software, and the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was utilized to rank the effectiveness of the exercise prescription variables.ResultsSignificant effects were observed for durations of 15–30 min [SMD = −1.62, 95% CI (−2.32, −0.92)] and ≥60 min [SMD = −0.81, 95% CI (−1.58, −0.03)] when compared to the control group. Intervention periods of 4 weeks [SMD = −1.82, 95% CI (−3.37, −0.28)], 12 weeks [SMD = −1.18, 95% CI (−1.85, −0.51)], and ≥16 weeks [SMD = −2.75, 95% CI (−4.26, −1.24)] also resulted in significantly better outcomes compared to the control group. The intervention effect for durations of ≥16 weeks was significantly greater than that for 12 weeks [SMD = −2.17, 95% CI (−3.58, −0.47)] and 6 weeks [SMD = −2.18, 95% CI (−3.85, −0.45)]. A frequency of three sessions per week [SMD = −1.44, 95% CI (−2.09, −0.78)] demonstrated significantly superior outcomes compared to the control group. An intervention duration of 15 to 30 min (SUCRA = 94.6), three sessions per week (SUCRA = 87), an intervention period of ≥16 weeks (SUCRA = 95.4), and Tai Chi exercise (SUCRA = 77.4) may be the most effective approaches for improving chronic low back pain in adults.ConclusionTai Chi exercise, lasting 15 to 30 min per session, performed three times a week over an intervention period of at least 16 weeks, may represent the most effective intervention for alleviating chronic low back pain in adults. However, due to the limited number of studies included, further research is necessary to provide stronger evidence.
format Article
id doaj-art-3fb9156fc4e14ca2b4aa2850f9bf5d95
institution DOAJ
issn 2296-2565
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Public Health
spelling doaj-art-3fb9156fc4e14ca2b4aa2850f9bf5d952025-08-20T03:12:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-05-011310.3389/fpubh.2025.15124501512450Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysisKe Zhao0Ke Zhao1Ping Zhang2Hua Li3Li Li4Graduate School of Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Zhangjiakou University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, ChinaGraduate School of Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, ChinaGraduate School of Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, ChinaGraduate School of Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, ChinaObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of various combinations of exercise prescription variables—namely type, duration, frequency, and period—on improving chronic low back pain (CLBP) in adults. The goal is to provide evidence to inform the development of exercise prescriptions for CLBP interventions.MethodsData sources were obtained from EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane, with the search conducted up to June 30, 2024. Two independent reviewers screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using Stata 17.0 software, and the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was utilized to rank the effectiveness of the exercise prescription variables.ResultsSignificant effects were observed for durations of 15–30 min [SMD = −1.62, 95% CI (−2.32, −0.92)] and ≥60 min [SMD = −0.81, 95% CI (−1.58, −0.03)] when compared to the control group. Intervention periods of 4 weeks [SMD = −1.82, 95% CI (−3.37, −0.28)], 12 weeks [SMD = −1.18, 95% CI (−1.85, −0.51)], and ≥16 weeks [SMD = −2.75, 95% CI (−4.26, −1.24)] also resulted in significantly better outcomes compared to the control group. The intervention effect for durations of ≥16 weeks was significantly greater than that for 12 weeks [SMD = −2.17, 95% CI (−3.58, −0.47)] and 6 weeks [SMD = −2.18, 95% CI (−3.85, −0.45)]. A frequency of three sessions per week [SMD = −1.44, 95% CI (−2.09, −0.78)] demonstrated significantly superior outcomes compared to the control group. An intervention duration of 15 to 30 min (SUCRA = 94.6), three sessions per week (SUCRA = 87), an intervention period of ≥16 weeks (SUCRA = 95.4), and Tai Chi exercise (SUCRA = 77.4) may be the most effective approaches for improving chronic low back pain in adults.ConclusionTai Chi exercise, lasting 15 to 30 min per session, performed three times a week over an intervention period of at least 16 weeks, may represent the most effective intervention for alleviating chronic low back pain in adults. However, due to the limited number of studies included, further research is necessary to provide stronger evidence.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1512450/fullchronic low back painexercise prescriptionnetwork meta-analysisTai Chiintervention effectiveness
spellingShingle Ke Zhao
Ke Zhao
Ping Zhang
Hua Li
Li Li
Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
Frontiers in Public Health
chronic low back pain
exercise prescription
network meta-analysis
Tai Chi
intervention effectiveness
title Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
title_full Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
title_fullStr Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
title_short Exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults: a network meta-analysis
title_sort exercise prescription for improving chronic low back pain in adults a network meta analysis
topic chronic low back pain
exercise prescription
network meta-analysis
Tai Chi
intervention effectiveness
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1512450/full
work_keys_str_mv AT kezhao exerciseprescriptionforimprovingchroniclowbackpaininadultsanetworkmetaanalysis
AT kezhao exerciseprescriptionforimprovingchroniclowbackpaininadultsanetworkmetaanalysis
AT pingzhang exerciseprescriptionforimprovingchroniclowbackpaininadultsanetworkmetaanalysis
AT huali exerciseprescriptionforimprovingchroniclowbackpaininadultsanetworkmetaanalysis
AT lili exerciseprescriptionforimprovingchroniclowbackpaininadultsanetworkmetaanalysis