Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway

Epicatechin (EC) is a water-soluble natural organic compound belonging to the flavanol class of compounds. It exhibits various physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, treatment of mitochondrial diseases, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.To examineEC’s impact and mec...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ling Song, Kailan Huang, Di Tian, Xinhui Liu, Rong Huang, Jiaxing Luo, Ming Zhang, Juan Lu, Mingying Gui, Xiao Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:CyTA - Journal of Food
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19476337.2024.2401591
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850112824048615424
author Ling Song
Kailan Huang
Di Tian
Xinhui Liu
Rong Huang
Jiaxing Luo
Ming Zhang
Juan Lu
Mingying Gui
Xiao Ma
author_facet Ling Song
Kailan Huang
Di Tian
Xinhui Liu
Rong Huang
Jiaxing Luo
Ming Zhang
Juan Lu
Mingying Gui
Xiao Ma
author_sort Ling Song
collection DOAJ
description Epicatechin (EC) is a water-soluble natural organic compound belonging to the flavanol class of compounds. It exhibits various physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, treatment of mitochondrial diseases, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.To examineEC’s impact and mechanism on adult myoblasts’ insulin resistance. The effects of various EC concentrations on the viability of C2C12 adult myoblasts were measured, as were glucose consumption and glycogen content; in vitro antioxidant activity of EC was measured; cellular oxidative marker content and apoptosis were measured; and protein expression was detected by Western blot. A model of insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells was established using palmitic acid. EC significantly increased the glucose consumption and glycogen content; EC increased the levels of CAT, SOD and GSH and decreased the levels of NO, MDA and ROS; EC decreased the apoptosis rate of cells; EC treatment upregulated the levels of GLUT4, p-AMPK, p-ACC, NRF2, and HO-1 proteins. These results suggest that EC can regulate the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, enhance GLUT4 transport, activate AMPK/ACC pathway, enhance cellular uptake of glucose, thus effectively improving insulin resistance in C2C12 cells.
format Article
id doaj-art-3f991e4daad741e5841d1affd4dd62c6
institution OA Journals
issn 1947-6337
1947-6345
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series CyTA - Journal of Food
spelling doaj-art-3f991e4daad741e5841d1affd4dd62c62025-08-20T02:37:17ZengTaylor & Francis GroupCyTA - Journal of Food1947-63371947-63452024-12-0122110.1080/19476337.2024.2401591Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathwayLing Song0Kailan Huang1Di Tian2Xinhui Liu3Rong Huang4Jiaxing Luo5Ming Zhang6Juan Lu7Mingying Gui8Xiao Ma9College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaYunnan Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaEpicatechin (EC) is a water-soluble natural organic compound belonging to the flavanol class of compounds. It exhibits various physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, treatment of mitochondrial diseases, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.To examineEC’s impact and mechanism on adult myoblasts’ insulin resistance. The effects of various EC concentrations on the viability of C2C12 adult myoblasts were measured, as were glucose consumption and glycogen content; in vitro antioxidant activity of EC was measured; cellular oxidative marker content and apoptosis were measured; and protein expression was detected by Western blot. A model of insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells was established using palmitic acid. EC significantly increased the glucose consumption and glycogen content; EC increased the levels of CAT, SOD and GSH and decreased the levels of NO, MDA and ROS; EC decreased the apoptosis rate of cells; EC treatment upregulated the levels of GLUT4, p-AMPK, p-ACC, NRF2, and HO-1 proteins. These results suggest that EC can regulate the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, enhance GLUT4 transport, activate AMPK/ACC pathway, enhance cellular uptake of glucose, thus effectively improving insulin resistance in C2C12 cells.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19476337.2024.2401591EpicatechinC2C12 myogenic cellsinsulin resistancehypoglycemiaoxidative stressnatural products
spellingShingle Ling Song
Kailan Huang
Di Tian
Xinhui Liu
Rong Huang
Jiaxing Luo
Ming Zhang
Juan Lu
Mingying Gui
Xiao Ma
Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
CyTA - Journal of Food
Epicatechin
C2C12 myogenic cells
insulin resistance
hypoglycemia
oxidative stress
natural products
title Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
title_full Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
title_fullStr Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
title_full_unstemmed Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
title_short Epicatechin ameliorates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the AMPK/ACC pathway
title_sort epicatechin ameliorates palmitate induced insulin resistance in c2c12 myogenic cells by alleviating oxidative stress and activating the ampk acc pathway
topic Epicatechin
C2C12 myogenic cells
insulin resistance
hypoglycemia
oxidative stress
natural products
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19476337.2024.2401591
work_keys_str_mv AT lingsong epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT kailanhuang epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT ditian epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT xinhuiliu epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT ronghuang epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT jiaxingluo epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT mingzhang epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT juanlu epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT mingyinggui epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway
AT xiaoma epicatechinamelioratespalmitateinducedinsulinresistanceinc2c12myogeniccellsbyalleviatingoxidativestressandactivatingtheampkaccpathway