The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data
Nina L Wittwer,1,2 Christoph R Meier,1– 3 Carola A Huber,4 Julie D Moser,1 Henriette E Meyer zu Schwabedissen,5 Samuel S Allemann,6,* Cornelia Schneider1,2,* 1Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Science...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-prevalence-of-potential-drug-drug-gene-interactions-a-descriptive--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PGPM |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849225466598129664 |
|---|---|
| author | Wittwer NL Meier CR Huber CA Moser JD Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE Allemann SS Schneider C |
| author_facet | Wittwer NL Meier CR Huber CA Moser JD Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE Allemann SS Schneider C |
| author_sort | Wittwer NL |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nina L Wittwer,1,2 Christoph R Meier,1– 3 Carola A Huber,4 Julie D Moser,1 Henriette E Meyer zu Schwabedissen,5 Samuel S Allemann,6,* Cornelia Schneider1,2,* 1Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 2Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 3Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Lexington, MA, USA; 4Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Group, Zürich, Switzerland; 5Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 6Pharmaceutical Care, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Samuel S Allemann, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Klingelbergstrasse 504056 Basel, Switzerland, Email s.allemann@unibas.chPurpose: We aimed to determine the prevalence of interactions between PGx drugs metabolized by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 and drugs that act as inhibitors or inducers of those enzymes in the Swiss population.Patients and Methods: We defined concomitant use of PGx drugs and inhibitors/inducers as instances where a claim of a PGx drug and a claim of an inducer or inhibitor concerning the same enzyme were made within a specified temporal window, either ± 5 days or ± 30 days. We assessed concomitant drug use between 2017 and 2021, using claims data from a Swiss insurance company (Helsana).Results: Out of 894,748 individuals continuously insured, between 17.4% (± 5-days window) and 24.8% (± 30-days window) were exposed to potentially interacting drug pairs, with 1.5% to 2.2% being exposed to potentially strong interacting drug pairs. Individuals exposed to potentially interacting drugs were more frequently female, older and took a greater number of drugs than the general population. The majority of potential interactions were associated with CYP2D6 or CYP2C19.Conclusion: In light of the high prevalence of the simultaneous use of PGx drugs with inhibitor and inducer drugs, it is imperative to consider non-genetic factors, such as drug-induced phenoconversions, when interpreting PGx test results.Keywords: drug-drug interaction, drug-drug-gene interaction, phenoconversion |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3f936ca2f5c14481a22a78c13bf9143f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1178-7066 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-3f936ca2f5c14481a22a78c13bf9143f2025-08-24T17:31:58ZengDove Medical PressPharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine1178-70662025-08-01Volume 18Issue 1197208106100The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims DataWittwer NLMeier CR0Huber CA1Moser JDMeyer zu Schwabedissen HE2Allemann SS3Schneider C4Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Health SciencesDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesNina L Wittwer,1,2 Christoph R Meier,1– 3 Carola A Huber,4 Julie D Moser,1 Henriette E Meyer zu Schwabedissen,5 Samuel S Allemann,6,* Cornelia Schneider1,2,* 1Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 2Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 3Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Lexington, MA, USA; 4Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Group, Zürich, Switzerland; 5Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 6Pharmaceutical Care, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Samuel S Allemann, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Klingelbergstrasse 504056 Basel, Switzerland, Email s.allemann@unibas.chPurpose: We aimed to determine the prevalence of interactions between PGx drugs metabolized by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 and drugs that act as inhibitors or inducers of those enzymes in the Swiss population.Patients and Methods: We defined concomitant use of PGx drugs and inhibitors/inducers as instances where a claim of a PGx drug and a claim of an inducer or inhibitor concerning the same enzyme were made within a specified temporal window, either ± 5 days or ± 30 days. We assessed concomitant drug use between 2017 and 2021, using claims data from a Swiss insurance company (Helsana).Results: Out of 894,748 individuals continuously insured, between 17.4% (± 5-days window) and 24.8% (± 30-days window) were exposed to potentially interacting drug pairs, with 1.5% to 2.2% being exposed to potentially strong interacting drug pairs. Individuals exposed to potentially interacting drugs were more frequently female, older and took a greater number of drugs than the general population. The majority of potential interactions were associated with CYP2D6 or CYP2C19.Conclusion: In light of the high prevalence of the simultaneous use of PGx drugs with inhibitor and inducer drugs, it is imperative to consider non-genetic factors, such as drug-induced phenoconversions, when interpreting PGx test results.Keywords: drug-drug interaction, drug-drug-gene interaction, phenoconversionhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-prevalence-of-potential-drug-drug-gene-interactions-a-descriptive--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PGPMDrug-Drug InteractionDrug-Drug-Gene InteractionPhenoconversion |
| spellingShingle | Wittwer NL Meier CR Huber CA Moser JD Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE Allemann SS Schneider C The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Drug-Drug Interaction Drug-Drug-Gene Interaction Phenoconversion |
| title | The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data |
| title_full | The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data |
| title_fullStr | The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data |
| title_short | The Prevalence of Potential Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions: A Descriptive Study Using Swiss Claims Data |
| title_sort | prevalence of potential drug drug gene interactions a descriptive study using swiss claims data |
| topic | Drug-Drug Interaction Drug-Drug-Gene Interaction Phenoconversion |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-prevalence-of-potential-drug-drug-gene-interactions-a-descriptive--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PGPM |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wittwernl theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT meiercr theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT huberca theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT moserjd theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT meyerzuschwabedissenhe theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT allemannss theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT schneiderc theprevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT wittwernl prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT meiercr prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT huberca prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT moserjd prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT meyerzuschwabedissenhe prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT allemannss prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata AT schneiderc prevalenceofpotentialdrugdruggeneinteractionsadescriptivestudyusingswissclaimsdata |