Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure

Abstract The transformation of graphite into diamond (2–10 nm) at ordinary pressure by monodispersed Ta atoms was recently reported, while the effects of Ta concentration on the transition process remain obscure. Here, by regulating the Ta wire treatment time, as well as the annealing time and tempe...

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Main Authors: Zhiguang Zhu, Chengke Chen, Shaohua Lu, Xiao Li, Xiaojun Hu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202411504
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author Zhiguang Zhu
Chengke Chen
Shaohua Lu
Xiao Li
Xiaojun Hu
author_facet Zhiguang Zhu
Chengke Chen
Shaohua Lu
Xiao Li
Xiaojun Hu
author_sort Zhiguang Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The transformation of graphite into diamond (2–10 nm) at ordinary pressure by monodispersed Ta atoms was recently reported, while the effects of Ta concentration on the transition process remain obscure. Here, by regulating the Ta wire treatment time, as well as the annealing time and temperature, larger diamond grians (5–20 nm) are successfully synthesized, and the transition process of graphite to diamond is revealed to vary with Ta concentration. Specifically, short Ta wire treatments (5–10 min) induce graphite to form a “circle” structure and transforms into diamond directly after annealing. Long Ta wire treatments (15–25 min) produce larger and more “circle” structures, containing an increased number of graphite layers. After annealing at 1100 °C for 30–120 min, graphite first transforms into amorphous carbon, then to i‐Carbon and n‐Diamond, and finally to diamond. Notably, a large amount of n‐Diamond and diamond are formed after 120 min annealing. By modulating the annealing temperature from 500 to 1200 °C for 30 min, diamond is already obtained at 500 °C, and hexagonal diamond up to 20 nm in size at 1200 °C. This provides a fresh insight into the graphite/diamond transition process and an approach for diamond synthesis.
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issn 2198-3844
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Wiley
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series Advanced Science
spelling doaj-art-3f30649004a74d1d8a6b65bb7f8163412025-08-20T03:10:53ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-03-011210n/an/a10.1002/advs.202411504Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary PressureZhiguang Zhu0Chengke Chen1Shaohua Lu2Xiao Li3Xiaojun Hu4College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. ChinaAbstract The transformation of graphite into diamond (2–10 nm) at ordinary pressure by monodispersed Ta atoms was recently reported, while the effects of Ta concentration on the transition process remain obscure. Here, by regulating the Ta wire treatment time, as well as the annealing time and temperature, larger diamond grians (5–20 nm) are successfully synthesized, and the transition process of graphite to diamond is revealed to vary with Ta concentration. Specifically, short Ta wire treatments (5–10 min) induce graphite to form a “circle” structure and transforms into diamond directly after annealing. Long Ta wire treatments (15–25 min) produce larger and more “circle” structures, containing an increased number of graphite layers. After annealing at 1100 °C for 30–120 min, graphite first transforms into amorphous carbon, then to i‐Carbon and n‐Diamond, and finally to diamond. Notably, a large amount of n‐Diamond and diamond are formed after 120 min annealing. By modulating the annealing temperature from 500 to 1200 °C for 30 min, diamond is already obtained at 500 °C, and hexagonal diamond up to 20 nm in size at 1200 °C. This provides a fresh insight into the graphite/diamond transition process and an approach for diamond synthesis.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202411504annealingdiamondgraphiteordinary‐pressurephase transition
spellingShingle Zhiguang Zhu
Chengke Chen
Shaohua Lu
Xiao Li
Xiaojun Hu
Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
Advanced Science
annealing
diamond
graphite
ordinary‐pressure
phase transition
title Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
title_full Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
title_fullStr Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
title_full_unstemmed Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
title_short Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure
title_sort phase transition process of graphite to diamond induced by monodispersed tantalum atoms at ordinary pressure
topic annealing
diamond
graphite
ordinary‐pressure
phase transition
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202411504
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AT shaohualu phasetransitionprocessofgraphitetodiamondinducedbymonodispersedtantalumatomsatordinarypressure
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