A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra

Very metal-poor (VMP) stars provide a record of the chemical composition and dynamics of the early Galaxy. Based on the high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra from the Subaru Telescope for 103 VMP stars, in this series of papers we homogeneously investigate the nonlocal thermodynamic...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jianrong Shi, Gang Zhao, Shuai Liu, Zeming Zhou, Haining Li, Hongliang Yan, Sofya Alexeeva, Huawei Zhang, Wako Aoki, Tadafumi Matsuno, Jingkun Zhao, Huiling Chen, Yufu Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc127
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850149304321179648
author Jianrong Shi
Gang Zhao
Shuai Liu
Zeming Zhou
Haining Li
Hongliang Yan
Sofya Alexeeva
Huawei Zhang
Wako Aoki
Tadafumi Matsuno
Jingkun Zhao
Huiling Chen
Yufu Shen
author_facet Jianrong Shi
Gang Zhao
Shuai Liu
Zeming Zhou
Haining Li
Hongliang Yan
Sofya Alexeeva
Huawei Zhang
Wako Aoki
Tadafumi Matsuno
Jingkun Zhao
Huiling Chen
Yufu Shen
author_sort Jianrong Shi
collection DOAJ
description Very metal-poor (VMP) stars provide a record of the chemical composition and dynamics of the early Galaxy. Based on the high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra from the Subaru Telescope for 103 VMP stars, in this series of papers we homogeneously investigate the nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundances of important astrophysical elements. This sample covers a wide metallicity range from [Fe/H] ∼ −1.7 dex down to −4.3 dex, including 13 objects with [Fe/H] ≤ −3.0 dex. Here, we present a set of homogeneous stellar atmospheric parameters, including the effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and microturbulence velocity with the spectroscopic method, and the NLTE line formation for both Fe i and Fe ii in the classical one-dimensional model atmospheres have been considered. The NLTE effects of the Fe i lines range from ∼0.03 dex to ∼0.3 dex, and increase with decreasing metallicity. In addition, they depend on the surface gravity, which generally increases with decreasing ${\mathrm{log}}\,g$ . The largest NLTE effects can be found for the giants of ${\mathrm{log}}\,g$ ∼ 2.5 dex. For dwarfs and subgiants, our final effective temperatures are consistent with those derived from the T _IRFM scales of A. Alonso et al. with a mean difference of 7.1 ± 100.2 K, while for giants, our results are slightly lower than those from the T _IRFM scales of A. Alonso et al. with a mean difference of −69.5 ± 94.1 K. For dwarfs and subgiants, the spectroscopically derived surface gravity is consistent with that estimated based on the Gaia DR3 parallax; however, for giants, the former leads to a 0.2 dex lower surface gravity.
format Article
id doaj-art-3f2bec6ad4e24fa2991fa5bc14dd3997
institution OA Journals
issn 1538-4357
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series The Astrophysical Journal
spelling doaj-art-3f2bec6ad4e24fa2991fa5bc14dd39972025-08-20T02:26:59ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01983212710.3847/1538-4357/adc127A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution SpectraJianrong Shi0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0349-7839Gang Zhao1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-945XShuai Liu2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-1727Zeming Zhou3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-1660Haining Li4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0389-9264Hongliang Yan5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-3599Sofya Alexeeva6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8709-4665Huawei Zhang7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7727-1699Wako Aoki8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-6829Tadafumi Matsuno9Jingkun Zhao10Huiling Chen11Yufu Shen12National Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China; School of Physics and Technology, Nantong University , Nantong 226019, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cnDepartment of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cnNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cnDepartment of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of ChinaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, School of Physical Sciences, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa , Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanAstronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg , Mönchhofstraße 12-14, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyNational Astronomical Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China ; sjr@nao.cas.cn, gzhao@nao.cas.cn, hlyan@nao.cas.cnDepartment of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of ChinaChangchun Observatory , National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingyuetan National Scenic Area, Changchun 130117, People’s Republic of ChinaVery metal-poor (VMP) stars provide a record of the chemical composition and dynamics of the early Galaxy. Based on the high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra from the Subaru Telescope for 103 VMP stars, in this series of papers we homogeneously investigate the nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundances of important astrophysical elements. This sample covers a wide metallicity range from [Fe/H] ∼ −1.7 dex down to −4.3 dex, including 13 objects with [Fe/H] ≤ −3.0 dex. Here, we present a set of homogeneous stellar atmospheric parameters, including the effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and microturbulence velocity with the spectroscopic method, and the NLTE line formation for both Fe i and Fe ii in the classical one-dimensional model atmospheres have been considered. The NLTE effects of the Fe i lines range from ∼0.03 dex to ∼0.3 dex, and increase with decreasing metallicity. In addition, they depend on the surface gravity, which generally increases with decreasing ${\mathrm{log}}\,g$ . The largest NLTE effects can be found for the giants of ${\mathrm{log}}\,g$ ∼ 2.5 dex. For dwarfs and subgiants, our final effective temperatures are consistent with those derived from the T _IRFM scales of A. Alonso et al. with a mean difference of 7.1 ± 100.2 K, while for giants, our results are slightly lower than those from the T _IRFM scales of A. Alonso et al. with a mean difference of −69.5 ± 94.1 K. For dwarfs and subgiants, the spectroscopically derived surface gravity is consistent with that estimated based on the Gaia DR3 parallax; however, for giants, the former leads to a 0.2 dex lower surface gravity.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc127Stellar abundancesChemical abundances
spellingShingle Jianrong Shi
Gang Zhao
Shuai Liu
Zeming Zhou
Haining Li
Hongliang Yan
Sofya Alexeeva
Huawei Zhang
Wako Aoki
Tadafumi Matsuno
Jingkun Zhao
Huiling Chen
Yufu Shen
A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
The Astrophysical Journal
Stellar abundances
Chemical abundances
title A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
title_full A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
title_fullStr A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
title_full_unstemmed A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
title_short A Systematic NLTE Study of Very Metal-poor Stars with Metallicity down to −4.3 dex. I. Global Stellar Parameters Based on High-resolution Spectra
title_sort systematic nlte study of very metal poor stars with metallicity down to 4 3 dex i global stellar parameters based on high resolution spectra
topic Stellar abundances
Chemical abundances
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc127
work_keys_str_mv AT jianrongshi asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT gangzhao asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT shuailiu asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT zemingzhou asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT hainingli asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT hongliangyan asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT sofyaalexeeva asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT huaweizhang asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT wakoaoki asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT tadafumimatsuno asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT jingkunzhao asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT huilingchen asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT yufushen asystematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT jianrongshi systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT gangzhao systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT shuailiu systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT zemingzhou systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT hainingli systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT hongliangyan systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT sofyaalexeeva systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT huaweizhang systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT wakoaoki systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT tadafumimatsuno systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT jingkunzhao systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT huilingchen systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra
AT yufushen systematicnltestudyofverymetalpoorstarswithmetallicitydownto43dexiglobalstellarparametersbasedonhighresolutionspectra