Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
The globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Marco Zuccolo Angela Bassoli Annamaria Giorgi Luca Giupponi Stefania Mazzini Gigliola Borgonovo |
| author_facet | Marco Zuccolo Angela Bassoli Annamaria Giorgi Luca Giupponi Stefania Mazzini Gigliola Borgonovo |
| author_sort | Marco Zuccolo |
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| description | The globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This study reports a comprehensive characterization of the residual leaves of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>, an Alpine artichoke landrace. Comparative analysis was conducted against leaves from two commercial cultivars and a commercial herbal tea product. HPLC analysis revealed that <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> exhibited the lowest levels of secondary metabolites. Cynaropicrin content was 0.52 ± 0.03 mg/g, lower than in the commercial samples, while the phenolic compounds were below the quantification limit. Proximate analysis indicated a distinctive nutritional profile, with significantly higher ash (8.01 ± 0.04%) and crude fiber (35.75 ± 0.29%) contents compared to all reference samples. These findings highlight the potential of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> residual leaves as a sustainable source of nutrients for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Their low content of bitter sesquiterpene lactones may enhance palatability, supporting their valorisation within circular economy frameworks. Moreover, their use may contribute to the in situ conservation of this landrace, reinforcing the link between agrobiodiversity preservation and the sustainable exploitation of agricultural by-products. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-3eb8f59245b242f78c5937a41285b9ed2025-08-20T03:16:35ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-06-013012264910.3390/molecules30122649Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)Marco Zuccolo0Angela Bassoli1Annamaria Giorgi2Luca Giupponi3Stefania Mazzini4Gigliola Borgonovo5Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyCentre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyCentre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyThe globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This study reports a comprehensive characterization of the residual leaves of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>, an Alpine artichoke landrace. Comparative analysis was conducted against leaves from two commercial cultivars and a commercial herbal tea product. HPLC analysis revealed that <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> exhibited the lowest levels of secondary metabolites. Cynaropicrin content was 0.52 ± 0.03 mg/g, lower than in the commercial samples, while the phenolic compounds were below the quantification limit. Proximate analysis indicated a distinctive nutritional profile, with significantly higher ash (8.01 ± 0.04%) and crude fiber (35.75 ± 0.29%) contents compared to all reference samples. These findings highlight the potential of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> residual leaves as a sustainable source of nutrients for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Their low content of bitter sesquiterpene lactones may enhance palatability, supporting their valorisation within circular economy frameworks. Moreover, their use may contribute to the in situ conservation of this landrace, reinforcing the link between agrobiodiversity preservation and the sustainable exploitation of agricultural by-products.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2649artichoke leaves“<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landracecynaropicrincaffeoylquinic acidsflavonoids |
| spellingShingle | Marco Zuccolo Angela Bassoli Annamaria Giorgi Luca Giupponi Stefania Mazzini Gigliola Borgonovo Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) Molecules artichoke leaves “<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landrace cynaropicrin caffeoylquinic acids flavonoids |
| title | Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) |
| title_full | Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) |
| title_short | Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.) |
| title_sort | phytochemical profiling of residual leaves from an alpine landrace of globe artichoke i cynara scolymus i l |
| topic | artichoke leaves “<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landrace cynaropicrin caffeoylquinic acids flavonoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2649 |
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