Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)

The globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marco Zuccolo, Angela Bassoli, Annamaria Giorgi, Luca Giupponi, Stefania Mazzini, Gigliola Borgonovo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2649
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849704970472914944
author Marco Zuccolo
Angela Bassoli
Annamaria Giorgi
Luca Giupponi
Stefania Mazzini
Gigliola Borgonovo
author_facet Marco Zuccolo
Angela Bassoli
Annamaria Giorgi
Luca Giupponi
Stefania Mazzini
Gigliola Borgonovo
author_sort Marco Zuccolo
collection DOAJ
description The globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This study reports a comprehensive characterization of the residual leaves of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>, an Alpine artichoke landrace. Comparative analysis was conducted against leaves from two commercial cultivars and a commercial herbal tea product. HPLC analysis revealed that <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> exhibited the lowest levels of secondary metabolites. Cynaropicrin content was 0.52 ± 0.03 mg/g, lower than in the commercial samples, while the phenolic compounds were below the quantification limit. Proximate analysis indicated a distinctive nutritional profile, with significantly higher ash (8.01 ± 0.04%) and crude fiber (35.75 ± 0.29%) contents compared to all reference samples. These findings highlight the potential of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> residual leaves as a sustainable source of nutrients for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Their low content of bitter sesquiterpene lactones may enhance palatability, supporting their valorisation within circular economy frameworks. Moreover, their use may contribute to the in situ conservation of this landrace, reinforcing the link between agrobiodiversity preservation and the sustainable exploitation of agricultural by-products.
format Article
id doaj-art-3eb8f59245b242f78c5937a41285b9ed
institution DOAJ
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-3eb8f59245b242f78c5937a41285b9ed2025-08-20T03:16:35ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-06-013012264910.3390/molecules30122649Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)Marco Zuccolo0Angela Bassoli1Annamaria Giorgi2Luca Giupponi3Stefania Mazzini4Gigliola Borgonovo5Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyCentre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyCentre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas—CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont., Università degli Studi di Milano, 25048 Edolo, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyThe globe artichoke (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L. var. <i>scolymus</i>) is a Mediterranean crop valued for its edible capitula and bioactive compounds. Post-harvest residual leaves are among the main by-products of artichoke cultivation and remain largely underutilized. This study reports a comprehensive characterization of the residual leaves of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>, an Alpine artichoke landrace. Comparative analysis was conducted against leaves from two commercial cultivars and a commercial herbal tea product. HPLC analysis revealed that <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> exhibited the lowest levels of secondary metabolites. Cynaropicrin content was 0.52 ± 0.03 mg/g, lower than in the commercial samples, while the phenolic compounds were below the quantification limit. Proximate analysis indicated a distinctive nutritional profile, with significantly higher ash (8.01 ± 0.04%) and crude fiber (35.75 ± 0.29%) contents compared to all reference samples. These findings highlight the potential of <i>Carciofo di Malegno</i> residual leaves as a sustainable source of nutrients for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Their low content of bitter sesquiterpene lactones may enhance palatability, supporting their valorisation within circular economy frameworks. Moreover, their use may contribute to the in situ conservation of this landrace, reinforcing the link between agrobiodiversity preservation and the sustainable exploitation of agricultural by-products.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2649artichoke leaves“<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landracecynaropicrincaffeoylquinic acidsflavonoids
spellingShingle Marco Zuccolo
Angela Bassoli
Annamaria Giorgi
Luca Giupponi
Stefania Mazzini
Gigliola Borgonovo
Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
Molecules
artichoke leaves
“<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landrace
cynaropicrin
caffeoylquinic acids
flavonoids
title Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
title_full Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
title_fullStr Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
title_short Phytochemical Profiling of Residual Leaves from an Alpine Landrace of Globe Artichoke (<i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.)
title_sort phytochemical profiling of residual leaves from an alpine landrace of globe artichoke i cynara scolymus i l
topic artichoke leaves
“<i>Carciofo di Malegno</i>” landrace
cynaropicrin
caffeoylquinic acids
flavonoids
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2649
work_keys_str_mv AT marcozuccolo phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil
AT angelabassoli phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil
AT annamariagiorgi phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil
AT lucagiupponi phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil
AT stefaniamazzini phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil
AT gigliolaborgonovo phytochemicalprofilingofresidualleavesfromanalpinelandraceofglobeartichokeicynarascolymusil