Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium
In this Letter, we simulate the collision between outflows from the tidal disruption of a 1 M _⊙ main-sequence star around a 10 ^6 M _⊙ black hole and an initially spherically symmetric circumnuclear cloud. We launch super-Eddington outflows self-consistently by simulating the disruption of stars on...
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adeb79 |
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| author | Fangyi (Fitz) Hu Adelle Goodwin Daniel J. Price Ilya Mandel Re’em Sari Kimitake Hayasaki |
| author_facet | Fangyi (Fitz) Hu Adelle Goodwin Daniel J. Price Ilya Mandel Re’em Sari Kimitake Hayasaki |
| author_sort | Fangyi (Fitz) Hu |
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| description | In this Letter, we simulate the collision between outflows from the tidal disruption of a 1 M _⊙ main-sequence star around a 10 ^6 M _⊙ black hole and an initially spherically symmetric circumnuclear cloud. We launch super-Eddington outflows self-consistently by simulating the disruption of stars on both bound and unbound initial orbits using general relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We find that shocks formed as early as ∼10 days after the initial stellar disruption produce prompt radio emission. The shock radius (≈10 ^17 cm), velocity (∼0.15 c ), and total energy (∼10 ^51 erg) in our simulations match those inferred from radio observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We ray-trace to produce synthetic radio images and spectra to compare with the observations. While the TDE outflow is quasi-spherical, the synchrotron emitting region is aspherical but with reflection symmetry above and below the initial orbital plane. Our synthetic spectra show a continuous decay in peak frequency, matching prompt radio TDE observations. Our model supports the hypothesis that synchrotron radio flares from TDEs result from the collision between outflows and the circumnuclear material. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-3eaa63b30dc24bb791a08149785c46572025-08-20T03:28:00ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019881L2410.3847/2041-8213/adeb79Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear MediumFangyi (Fitz) Hu0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7984-9477Adelle Goodwin1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3441-8299Daniel J. Price2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-4235Ilya Mandel3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6134-8946Re’em Sari4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1084-3656Kimitake Hayasaki5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4799-1895School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia ; fangyi.hu@monash.edu; OzGrav: The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery , AustraliaInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia ; fangyi.hu@monash.eduSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia ; fangyi.hu@monash.edu; OzGrav: The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery , AustraliaRacah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 9190401, IsraelDepartment of Astronomy and Space Science, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea; Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University , Sagamihara 252-5258, JapanIn this Letter, we simulate the collision between outflows from the tidal disruption of a 1 M _⊙ main-sequence star around a 10 ^6 M _⊙ black hole and an initially spherically symmetric circumnuclear cloud. We launch super-Eddington outflows self-consistently by simulating the disruption of stars on both bound and unbound initial orbits using general relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We find that shocks formed as early as ∼10 days after the initial stellar disruption produce prompt radio emission. The shock radius (≈10 ^17 cm), velocity (∼0.15 c ), and total energy (∼10 ^51 erg) in our simulations match those inferred from radio observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We ray-trace to produce synthetic radio images and spectra to compare with the observations. While the TDE outflow is quasi-spherical, the synchrotron emitting region is aspherical but with reflection symmetry above and below the initial orbital plane. Our synthetic spectra show a continuous decay in peak frequency, matching prompt radio TDE observations. Our model supports the hypothesis that synchrotron radio flares from TDEs result from the collision between outflows and the circumnuclear material.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adeb79Supermassive black holesTidal disruptionRadio transient sourcesRadiative transferInterstellar synchrotron emissionHydrodynamical simulations |
| spellingShingle | Fangyi (Fitz) Hu Adelle Goodwin Daniel J. Price Ilya Mandel Re’em Sari Kimitake Hayasaki Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium The Astrophysical Journal Letters Supermassive black holes Tidal disruption Radio transient sources Radiative transfer Interstellar synchrotron emission Hydrodynamical simulations |
| title | Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium |
| title_full | Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium |
| title_fullStr | Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium |
| title_short | Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events Produced by the Collision between Super-Eddington Outflows and the Circumnuclear Medium |
| title_sort | radio emission from tidal disruption events produced by the collision between super eddington outflows and the circumnuclear medium |
| topic | Supermassive black holes Tidal disruption Radio transient sources Radiative transfer Interstellar synchrotron emission Hydrodynamical simulations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adeb79 |
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