Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, alongside restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends and project the future burden of ASD in Japan. Using G...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1619085/full |
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| author | Jiabo Liu Xiaoyan Xie Yunxi Li Yiqi Pu Yan Li Lingling Yang |
| author_facet | Jiabo Liu Xiaoyan Xie Yunxi Li Yiqi Pu Yan Li Lingling Yang |
| author_sort | Jiabo Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, alongside restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends and project the future burden of ASD in Japan. Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, we analyzed prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASR) (1992-2021) through age-period-cohort modeling, joinpoint regression, and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting. Age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) increased significantly (Average Annual Percentage Change [AAPC]=0.2744; 95%CI:0.2606-0.2882), with males disproportionately affected (male-to-female ratio 4:1). By 2050, crude prevalence is projected to decline 14.2%, while ASPR will rise 18.0%. Japan’s ASD burden exceeds global averages, necessitating targeted interventions across the lifespan. These findings highlight the increasing burden of ASD in Japan and underscore the urgent need for enhanced healthcare planning and resource allocation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3ea35054bf3d4a1390dc99a59d3708af |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-3ea35054bf3d4a1390dc99a59d3708af2025-08-20T02:43:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-07-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.16190851619085Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD studyJiabo Liu0Xiaoyan Xie1Yunxi Li2Yiqi Pu3Yan Li4Lingling Yang5Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, alongside restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends and project the future burden of ASD in Japan. Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, we analyzed prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASR) (1992-2021) through age-period-cohort modeling, joinpoint regression, and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting. Age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) increased significantly (Average Annual Percentage Change [AAPC]=0.2744; 95%CI:0.2606-0.2882), with males disproportionately affected (male-to-female ratio 4:1). By 2050, crude prevalence is projected to decline 14.2%, while ASPR will rise 18.0%. Japan’s ASD burden exceeds global averages, necessitating targeted interventions across the lifespan. These findings highlight the increasing burden of ASD in Japan and underscore the urgent need for enhanced healthcare planning and resource allocation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1619085/fullASDGBDprevalenceDALYsAPC/AAPC |
| spellingShingle | Jiabo Liu Xiaoyan Xie Yunxi Li Yiqi Pu Yan Li Lingling Yang Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study Frontiers in Psychiatry ASD GBD prevalence DALYs APC/AAPC |
| title | Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study |
| title_full | Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study |
| title_fullStr | Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study |
| title_short | Burden of autism spectrum disorder in Japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050: results from the GBD study |
| title_sort | burden of autism spectrum disorder in japan from 1992 to 2021 and its prediction until 2050 results from the gbd study |
| topic | ASD GBD prevalence DALYs APC/AAPC |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1619085/full |
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