Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids

This study investigates the dynamics of Fe3O4–water, Cu–water, and Ag–water nanofluids in the context of steady, two-dimensional, incompressible laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow, incorporating the effects of Forchheimer number, thermal radiation, Eckert number, magnetic field pa...

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Main Authors: Mahmmoud M. Syam, Mohammad Alkhedher, Muhammed I. Syam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:International Journal of Thermofluids
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000035
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author Mahmmoud M. Syam
Mohammad Alkhedher
Muhammed I. Syam
author_facet Mahmmoud M. Syam
Mohammad Alkhedher
Muhammed I. Syam
author_sort Mahmmoud M. Syam
collection DOAJ
description This study investigates the dynamics of Fe3O4–water, Cu–water, and Ag–water nanofluids in the context of steady, two-dimensional, incompressible laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow, incorporating the effects of Forchheimer number, thermal radiation, Eckert number, magnetic field parameter, non-dimensional heat generation, and solid volume fraction of nanoparticles. A Newtonian mathematical model is developed, assuming homogeneous nanoparticle distribution, negligible Brownian motion, and thermophoresis effects. Using the operational matrix method (OMM), the model is solved numerically, and the accuracy is validated through L2-truncation errors and boundary condition comparisons. Key findings reveal that increasing the Forchheimer number reduces velocity by up to 4.7% due to enhanced porous drag, while thermal radiation increases temperature by approximately 3.8%, enhancing heat transfer. Higher Eckert numbers elevate temperature by 5.6% due to viscous dissipation, and increasing the solid volume fraction of nanoparticles improves heat transfer efficiency by up to 9.3%. Additionally, the magnetic field suppresses velocity by up to 5.6%, indicating its potential for flow control. These results offer valuable insights into optimizing heat and mass transfer in nanofluid systems under varied thermal and physical conditions.
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series International Journal of Thermofluids
spelling doaj-art-3e7e32208bd24716a9a433e7b87dcf6d2025-08-20T01:57:36ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Thermofluids2666-20272025-03-012610105510.1016/j.ijft.2025.101055Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluidsMahmmoud M. Syam0Mohammad Alkhedher1Muhammed I. Syam2School for Engineering of Matter, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA; Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, P.O.Box 59911, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesMechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, P.O.Box 59911, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, UAE University, AlAin, United Arab Emirates; Corresponding author.This study investigates the dynamics of Fe3O4–water, Cu–water, and Ag–water nanofluids in the context of steady, two-dimensional, incompressible laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow, incorporating the effects of Forchheimer number, thermal radiation, Eckert number, magnetic field parameter, non-dimensional heat generation, and solid volume fraction of nanoparticles. A Newtonian mathematical model is developed, assuming homogeneous nanoparticle distribution, negligible Brownian motion, and thermophoresis effects. Using the operational matrix method (OMM), the model is solved numerically, and the accuracy is validated through L2-truncation errors and boundary condition comparisons. Key findings reveal that increasing the Forchheimer number reduces velocity by up to 4.7% due to enhanced porous drag, while thermal radiation increases temperature by approximately 3.8%, enhancing heat transfer. Higher Eckert numbers elevate temperature by 5.6% due to viscous dissipation, and increasing the solid volume fraction of nanoparticles improves heat transfer efficiency by up to 9.3%. Additionally, the magnetic field suppresses velocity by up to 5.6%, indicating its potential for flow control. These results offer valuable insights into optimizing heat and mass transfer in nanofluid systems under varied thermal and physical conditions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000035NanofluidsHeat and mass transferSlip flow dynamicsPorous media
spellingShingle Mahmmoud M. Syam
Mohammad Alkhedher
Muhammed I. Syam
Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
International Journal of Thermofluids
Nanofluids
Heat and mass transfer
Slip flow dynamics
Porous media
title Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
title_full Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
title_fullStr Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
title_full_unstemmed Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
title_short Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media: Comparative study of Fe3O4, Cu, and Ag nanofluids
title_sort thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of mhd nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching surface in porous media comparative study of fe3o4 cu and ag nanofluids
topic Nanofluids
Heat and mass transfer
Slip flow dynamics
Porous media
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000035
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