Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles

The observation of distinct hexagonal crystal formation in FESEM images suggests a controlled synthesis process, leading to the formation of well-defined nanostructures. The crystallite size ZnO, Zn1-xFexO, and Zn1-xCuxO nano-adsorbents were calculated at 31.98, 32.09, and 58.82 nm, respectively. Th...

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Main Authors: Masome Naseri Tekyeh, Dariush Mehrparvar, Rostam Moradian, Shahriar Mahdavi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Desalination and Water Treatment
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002188
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author Masome Naseri Tekyeh
Dariush Mehrparvar
Rostam Moradian
Shahriar Mahdavi
author_facet Masome Naseri Tekyeh
Dariush Mehrparvar
Rostam Moradian
Shahriar Mahdavi
author_sort Masome Naseri Tekyeh
collection DOAJ
description The observation of distinct hexagonal crystal formation in FESEM images suggests a controlled synthesis process, leading to the formation of well-defined nanostructures. The crystallite size ZnO, Zn1-xFexO, and Zn1-xCuxO nano-adsorbents were calculated at 31.98, 32.09, and 58.82 nm, respectively. The calculated crystallite sizes provide valuable information about the nano-scale dimensions of the adsorbents, which are crucial for their adsorption performance. The significant morphological changes observed post-synthesis, as revealed by UV-Vis analysis, highlight the dynamic nature of the nanoparticles and their interaction with the dye molecules. This suggests that the adsorption process may involve not only surface adsorption but also structural transformations in the nanoparticles. The identification of key parameters influencing the adsorption process (adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, temperature, time, and pH) provides a basis for optimizing the adsorption conditions and enhancing the removal efficiency. The observed spontaneity of the adsorption process, as indicated by the negative ΔG° values, suggests that the process is thermodynamically favorable. The kinetic studies, which revealed a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism, provide insights into the rate-limiting steps of the adsorption process. The excellent fit of the Temkin and Langmuir isotherm models suggests that the adsorption process involves both adsorbate-adsorbent interactions and monolayer adsorption onto a homogeneous surface. The adsorption capacities (qmax) were 24.21, 11.29, and 19.92 mg g−1 for ZnO, Zn1-xFexO, and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles, respectively. The variation in qmax values among the different nanoparticles suggests that the composition and structure of the nanoparticles play a crucial role in their adsorption performance. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the synthesis, characterization, and application of metal oxide nanoparticles for dye removal. The findings suggest that these nanoparticles have the potential to be used as effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment.
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spelling doaj-art-3e69051189c44cdc83349bf6e16f19fb2025-08-20T02:02:51ZengElsevierDesalination and Water Treatment1944-39862025-04-0132210120210.1016/j.dwt.2025.101202Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticlesMasome Naseri Tekyeh0Dariush Mehrparvar1Rostam Moradian2Shahriar Mahdavi3Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Science, Malayer University, Malayer, IranDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Basic Science, Malayer University, Malayer, IranDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Basic Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran; Corresponding author.The observation of distinct hexagonal crystal formation in FESEM images suggests a controlled synthesis process, leading to the formation of well-defined nanostructures. The crystallite size ZnO, Zn1-xFexO, and Zn1-xCuxO nano-adsorbents were calculated at 31.98, 32.09, and 58.82 nm, respectively. The calculated crystallite sizes provide valuable information about the nano-scale dimensions of the adsorbents, which are crucial for their adsorption performance. The significant morphological changes observed post-synthesis, as revealed by UV-Vis analysis, highlight the dynamic nature of the nanoparticles and their interaction with the dye molecules. This suggests that the adsorption process may involve not only surface adsorption but also structural transformations in the nanoparticles. The identification of key parameters influencing the adsorption process (adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, temperature, time, and pH) provides a basis for optimizing the adsorption conditions and enhancing the removal efficiency. The observed spontaneity of the adsorption process, as indicated by the negative ΔG° values, suggests that the process is thermodynamically favorable. The kinetic studies, which revealed a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism, provide insights into the rate-limiting steps of the adsorption process. The excellent fit of the Temkin and Langmuir isotherm models suggests that the adsorption process involves both adsorbate-adsorbent interactions and monolayer adsorption onto a homogeneous surface. The adsorption capacities (qmax) were 24.21, 11.29, and 19.92 mg g−1 for ZnO, Zn1-xFexO, and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles, respectively. The variation in qmax values among the different nanoparticles suggests that the composition and structure of the nanoparticles play a crucial role in their adsorption performance. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the synthesis, characterization, and application of metal oxide nanoparticles for dye removal. The findings suggest that these nanoparticles have the potential to be used as effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002188ZnONano-adsorbentsMalachite greenSurface adsorption
spellingShingle Masome Naseri Tekyeh
Dariush Mehrparvar
Rostam Moradian
Shahriar Mahdavi
Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
Desalination and Water Treatment
ZnO
Nano-adsorbents
Malachite green
Surface adsorption
title Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
title_full Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
title_fullStr Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
title_short Surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent ZnO, Zn1-xFexO and Zn1-xCuxO nanoparticles
title_sort surface adsorption of malachite green dye from aqueous solution using novel synthesized adsorbent zno zn1 xfexo and zn1 xcuxo nanoparticles
topic ZnO
Nano-adsorbents
Malachite green
Surface adsorption
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002188
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