Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems

INTRODUCTION: Power systems are complex due to their time-varying and uncertain parameters, challenging conventional control methods. OBJECTIVES: This study proposes an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) controller to address this limitation. The ADP controller eliminates the need for pre-existing k...

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Main Author: Yi Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: European Alliance for Innovation (EAI) 2025-03-01
Series:EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web
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Online Access:https://publications.eai.eu/index.php/ew/article/view/7500
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author Yi Zhao
author_facet Yi Zhao
author_sort Yi Zhao
collection DOAJ
description INTRODUCTION: Power systems are complex due to their time-varying and uncertain parameters, challenging conventional control methods. OBJECTIVES: This study proposes an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) controller to address this limitation. The ADP controller eliminates the need for pre-existing knowledge of the system dynamics, a significant advantage in real-world applications. METHODS: By iteratively solving the Riccati equation using only system state and input data, the controller learns an approximate optimal control strategy. In this study, we use an iterative computational approach with an online adaptive optimal controller designed for unknown power system dynamics. RESULTS: Utilizing real-time collected system states and input information, even in the absence of knowledge about the power system matrix, we achieve iterative solutions for the algebraic Riccati equation, enabling the computation of an optimal controller. Simulation results demonstrate the ease of implementation of this approach in power system load frequency control (LFC). CONCLUSION: The proposed ADP controller exhibits good control performance of grid stability, making it a valuable reference for LFC, especially in scenarios with unknown system parameters.
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spelling doaj-art-3e665486ed8a4b86874b138cff9d729f2025-08-20T02:03:06ZengEuropean Alliance for Innovation (EAI)EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web2032-944X2025-03-011210.4108/ew.7500Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power SystemsYi Zhao0Northeast Agricultural University INTRODUCTION: Power systems are complex due to their time-varying and uncertain parameters, challenging conventional control methods. OBJECTIVES: This study proposes an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) controller to address this limitation. The ADP controller eliminates the need for pre-existing knowledge of the system dynamics, a significant advantage in real-world applications. METHODS: By iteratively solving the Riccati equation using only system state and input data, the controller learns an approximate optimal control strategy. In this study, we use an iterative computational approach with an online adaptive optimal controller designed for unknown power system dynamics. RESULTS: Utilizing real-time collected system states and input information, even in the absence of knowledge about the power system matrix, we achieve iterative solutions for the algebraic Riccati equation, enabling the computation of an optimal controller. Simulation results demonstrate the ease of implementation of this approach in power system load frequency control (LFC). CONCLUSION: The proposed ADP controller exhibits good control performance of grid stability, making it a valuable reference for LFC, especially in scenarios with unknown system parameters. https://publications.eai.eu/index.php/ew/article/view/7500Power systemreinforcement learningdata-drivendynamic programmingLoad frequency control
spellingShingle Yi Zhao
Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web
Power system
reinforcement learning
data-driven
dynamic programming
Load frequency control
title Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
title_full Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
title_fullStr Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
title_full_unstemmed Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
title_short Reinforcement Learning Data-Driven Optimal Load-Frequency Control for Power Systems
title_sort reinforcement learning data driven optimal load frequency control for power systems
topic Power system
reinforcement learning
data-driven
dynamic programming
Load frequency control
url https://publications.eai.eu/index.php/ew/article/view/7500
work_keys_str_mv AT yizhao reinforcementlearningdatadrivenoptimalloadfrequencycontrolforpowersystems