Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F)
IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed clinically based on phenotypic characteristics and criteria such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Due to its significant social, emotional, and psychological impa...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| author | R. A. Ariffin R. A. Ariffin J. Ismail F. N. Abd Rahman W. S. Wan Ismail N. Ahmad A. Abdul Ghafar W. W. Yang F. Masra N. Kamal Nor |
| author_facet | R. A. Ariffin R. A. Ariffin J. Ismail F. N. Abd Rahman W. S. Wan Ismail N. Ahmad A. Abdul Ghafar W. W. Yang F. Masra N. Kamal Nor |
| author_sort | R. A. Ariffin |
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| description | IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed clinically based on phenotypic characteristics and criteria such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Due to its significant social, emotional, and psychological impacts, early identification and diagnosis are crucial for starting early intervention and improving outcomes. A screening tool is imperative in identifying young children at risk so timely intervention can be instituted. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) is a reliable and valid screening tool used worldwide, with the previous iteration used for a long time in Malaysia. To enhance ASD screening in Malaysia, the latest version of M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay and evaluated for reliability and validity, as majority of the population speaks Malay, while the tool is originally in English. This study is a cross-sectional study performed in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) hospitals, between May 1st, 2020, to June 30th, 2022.MethodologyThe English version of the M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay using forward and backward translation methods. Content and face validity were ascertained and a pilot study was performed for internal reliability. A total of 244 children attending clinics and wards in UKM hospitals aged 16-30 months were recruited based on three categories: children with typical development, suspected cases, and established cases of ASD. All caregivers of the recruited children were asked to complete the Malay M-CHAT-R/F. Reliability and validation assessments were performed.ResultsMalay M-CHAT-R/F was found to be a reliable tool with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.906, p < 0.001). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that cut-off scores of 2 on Malay M-CHAT-R/F lead to successful ASD classification with Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.887, p < 0.001 with a 95% CI (0.840, 0.933).DiscussionThe assessment of the Malay M-CHAT-R/F showed satisfactory psychometric properties. Based on this study, the Malay M-CHAT-R/F is a reliable and valid screening tool to screen for ASD in children aged 16–30 months. Translating the M-CHAT-R/F into Malay is expected to improve community outreach and screening, which is essential for early diagnosis and timely intervention for children with ASD in Malaysia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3e65f952ffd64bfc81188e0038cc2b96 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-3e65f952ffd64bfc81188e0038cc2b962025-08-20T01:59:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602024-12-011210.3389/fped.2024.13842921384292Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F)R. A. Ariffin0R. A. Ariffin1J. Ismail2F. N. Abd Rahman3W. S. Wan Ismail4N. Ahmad5A. Abdul Ghafar6W. W. Yang7F. Masra8N. Kamal Nor9Child Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai, MalaysiaChild Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaChild Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaChild Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaChild Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaChild Development Centre (CDC), Department of Pediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaIntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed clinically based on phenotypic characteristics and criteria such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Due to its significant social, emotional, and psychological impacts, early identification and diagnosis are crucial for starting early intervention and improving outcomes. A screening tool is imperative in identifying young children at risk so timely intervention can be instituted. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) is a reliable and valid screening tool used worldwide, with the previous iteration used for a long time in Malaysia. To enhance ASD screening in Malaysia, the latest version of M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay and evaluated for reliability and validity, as majority of the population speaks Malay, while the tool is originally in English. This study is a cross-sectional study performed in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) hospitals, between May 1st, 2020, to June 30th, 2022.MethodologyThe English version of the M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay using forward and backward translation methods. Content and face validity were ascertained and a pilot study was performed for internal reliability. A total of 244 children attending clinics and wards in UKM hospitals aged 16-30 months were recruited based on three categories: children with typical development, suspected cases, and established cases of ASD. All caregivers of the recruited children were asked to complete the Malay M-CHAT-R/F. Reliability and validation assessments were performed.ResultsMalay M-CHAT-R/F was found to be a reliable tool with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.906, p < 0.001). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that cut-off scores of 2 on Malay M-CHAT-R/F lead to successful ASD classification with Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.887, p < 0.001 with a 95% CI (0.840, 0.933).DiscussionThe assessment of the Malay M-CHAT-R/F showed satisfactory psychometric properties. Based on this study, the Malay M-CHAT-R/F is a reliable and valid screening tool to screen for ASD in children aged 16–30 months. Translating the M-CHAT-R/F into Malay is expected to improve community outreach and screening, which is essential for early diagnosis and timely intervention for children with ASD in Malaysia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1384292/fullconceptualizationdata curationformal analysisfunding acquisitioninvestigationmethodology |
| spellingShingle | R. A. Ariffin R. A. Ariffin J. Ismail F. N. Abd Rahman W. S. Wan Ismail N. Ahmad A. Abdul Ghafar W. W. Yang F. Masra N. Kamal Nor Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) Frontiers in Pediatrics conceptualization data curation formal analysis funding acquisition investigation methodology |
| title | Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) |
| title_full | Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) |
| title_fullStr | Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) |
| title_short | Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) |
| title_sort | malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers revised with follow up m chat r f |
| topic | conceptualization data curation formal analysis funding acquisition investigation methodology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1384292/full |
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