Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox
Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an important zoonotic pathogenic virus, which poses serious threats to public health. MPXV infection can be prevented by immunization against the variola virus. Because of the safety risks and side effects of vaccination with live vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Tian...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Virology Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02629-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832586048528449536 |
|---|---|
| author | Yilong Zhu Dapeng Li Renshuang Zhao Minghua Chen Yue Li Xia Yang Hongyue Mao Xiao Li Yiquan Li Chao Shang Xianzhu Xia |
| author_facet | Yilong Zhu Dapeng Li Renshuang Zhao Minghua Chen Yue Li Xia Yang Hongyue Mao Xiao Li Yiquan Li Chao Shang Xianzhu Xia |
| author_sort | Yilong Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an important zoonotic pathogenic virus, which poses serious threats to public health. MPXV infection can be prevented by immunization against the variola virus. Because of the safety risks and side effects of vaccination with live vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Tian Tan (VTT), we constructed two gene-deleted VTT recombinants (TTVAC7 and TTVC5). The immunogenicity and protective effects of the gene-deleted VTT vaccine were assessed using BALB/C mice challenged with VTT and New Zealand rabbits challenged with MPXV. The results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune responses. The VTT-specific and neutralizing antibody titers, specific T cell levels, and degree of dendritic cell maturation of the mice, in addition to the MPXV neutralizing antibody titers and IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α levels of the rabbits were markedly higher in the groups immunized with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 than the control groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, immunization with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 reduced morbidities caused by VACV and MPXV infection. The weight change, lung histological score, and residual virus of the mouse model (p < 0.05). Similarly, the temperature change, pock number, lung histological score, and residual virus of the rabbit model were significantly reduced in the groups immunized with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results demonstrate that TTVAC7 and TTVC5 may be used as potential live attenuated vaccines against MPXV infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3e365aaa59b04ca0a045a5a2451d9c0c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1743-422X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Virology Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-3e365aaa59b04ca0a045a5a2451d9c0c2025-01-26T12:15:20ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2025-01-0122111010.1186/s12985-025-02629-6Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpoxYilong Zhu0Dapeng Li1Renshuang Zhao2Minghua Chen3Yue Li4Xia Yang5Hongyue Mao6Xiao Li7Yiquan Li8Chao Shang9Xianzhu Xia10Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Jilin Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Integrative Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Jilin Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Integrative Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an important zoonotic pathogenic virus, which poses serious threats to public health. MPXV infection can be prevented by immunization against the variola virus. Because of the safety risks and side effects of vaccination with live vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Tian Tan (VTT), we constructed two gene-deleted VTT recombinants (TTVAC7 and TTVC5). The immunogenicity and protective effects of the gene-deleted VTT vaccine were assessed using BALB/C mice challenged with VTT and New Zealand rabbits challenged with MPXV. The results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune responses. The VTT-specific and neutralizing antibody titers, specific T cell levels, and degree of dendritic cell maturation of the mice, in addition to the MPXV neutralizing antibody titers and IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α levels of the rabbits were markedly higher in the groups immunized with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 than the control groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, immunization with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 reduced morbidities caused by VACV and MPXV infection. The weight change, lung histological score, and residual virus of the mouse model (p < 0.05). Similarly, the temperature change, pock number, lung histological score, and residual virus of the rabbit model were significantly reduced in the groups immunized with TTVAC7 and TTVC5 (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results demonstrate that TTVAC7 and TTVC5 may be used as potential live attenuated vaccines against MPXV infection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02629-6Attenuated vaccinia virusMonkeypox virusMouse and rabbit modelsImmunogenicity and protective efficacy |
| spellingShingle | Yilong Zhu Dapeng Li Renshuang Zhao Minghua Chen Yue Li Xia Yang Hongyue Mao Xiao Li Yiquan Li Chao Shang Xianzhu Xia Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox Virology Journal Attenuated vaccinia virus Monkeypox virus Mouse and rabbit models Immunogenicity and protective efficacy |
| title | Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox |
| title_full | Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox |
| title_fullStr | Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox |
| title_short | Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox |
| title_sort | multiple gene deletion vaccinia virus tiantan strain against mpox |
| topic | Attenuated vaccinia virus Monkeypox virus Mouse and rabbit models Immunogenicity and protective efficacy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02629-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yilongzhu multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT dapengli multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT renshuangzhao multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT minghuachen multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT yueli multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT xiayang multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT hongyuemao multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT xiaoli multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT yiquanli multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT chaoshang multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox AT xianzhuxia multiplegenedeletionvacciniavirustiantanstrainagainstmpox |