Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Herpes zoster(HZ), a severe complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is associated with significant morbidity. The effect of herpes zoster vaccine(HZV) for preventing HZ on patients after HSCT is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-ana...

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Main Authors: Xunyi Jiao, Jinli Zhu, Yangyang Ding, Meng Xiao, Zhimin Zhai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Virology Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02670-5
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author Xunyi Jiao
Jinli Zhu
Yangyang Ding
Meng Xiao
Zhimin Zhai
author_facet Xunyi Jiao
Jinli Zhu
Yangyang Ding
Meng Xiao
Zhimin Zhai
author_sort Xunyi Jiao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Herpes zoster(HZ), a severe complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is associated with significant morbidity. The effect of herpes zoster vaccine(HZV) for preventing HZ on patients after HSCT is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy and safety of HZV in HSCT recipients. Methods The databases Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant studies. Random-effects models were used to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HZ infection and related events. Results A total of 3048 individuals from five studies (four randomized controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study) were included. The overall incidence of HZ in the HZV group and control group was 6.4% and 18.3% respectively, resulting in a pooled RR of 0.36 (95%CI, 0.29–0.45; P < 0.001), indicating no heterogeneity (P = 0.88,I 2  = 0). HZV demonstrated a reduction in the risk of PHN (RR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.15–1.11), although statistical significance was not reached (P = 0.08). Furthermore, through two independent RCTs, HZV showed a decrease in the incidence of HZ-related complications compared to placebo administration. The overall incidence of adverse events in the HZV group and control group was found to be 63.6% and 60.2% respectively, with a pooled RR of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.97–1.06, P = 0.51), indicating no heterogeneity (P = 0.66, I 2  = 0). Conclusion The HZV group demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of HZ among HSCT recipients, without an increase in adverse events. This highlights the positive impact of HZV on decreasing the incidence of PHN and complications associated with HZ. Furthermore, our findings support the effectiveness and tolerability of HZV as a preventive measure against HZ for HSCT recipients.
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spelling doaj-art-3df997cfec40400e89f32bd16a7a44722025-08-20T03:05:52ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2025-03-0122111010.1186/s12985-025-02670-5Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysisXunyi Jiao0Jinli Zhu1Yangyang Ding2Meng Xiao3Zhimin Zhai4Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAbstract Background Herpes zoster(HZ), a severe complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is associated with significant morbidity. The effect of herpes zoster vaccine(HZV) for preventing HZ on patients after HSCT is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy and safety of HZV in HSCT recipients. Methods The databases Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant studies. Random-effects models were used to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HZ infection and related events. Results A total of 3048 individuals from five studies (four randomized controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study) were included. The overall incidence of HZ in the HZV group and control group was 6.4% and 18.3% respectively, resulting in a pooled RR of 0.36 (95%CI, 0.29–0.45; P < 0.001), indicating no heterogeneity (P = 0.88,I 2  = 0). HZV demonstrated a reduction in the risk of PHN (RR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.15–1.11), although statistical significance was not reached (P = 0.08). Furthermore, through two independent RCTs, HZV showed a decrease in the incidence of HZ-related complications compared to placebo administration. The overall incidence of adverse events in the HZV group and control group was found to be 63.6% and 60.2% respectively, with a pooled RR of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.97–1.06, P = 0.51), indicating no heterogeneity (P = 0.66, I 2  = 0). Conclusion The HZV group demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of HZ among HSCT recipients, without an increase in adverse events. This highlights the positive impact of HZV on decreasing the incidence of PHN and complications associated with HZ. Furthermore, our findings support the effectiveness and tolerability of HZV as a preventive measure against HZ for HSCT recipients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02670-5Herpes zosterHerpes zoster vaccineHematopoietic stem cell transplantationMeta-analysis
spellingShingle Xunyi Jiao
Jinli Zhu
Yangyang Ding
Meng Xiao
Zhimin Zhai
Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Virology Journal
Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster vaccine
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Meta-analysis
title Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort effect of herpes zoster vaccine on patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation a systematic review and meta analysis
topic Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster vaccine
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Meta-analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02670-5
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AT yangyangding effectofherpeszostervaccineonpatientsafterhematopoieticstemcelltransplantationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
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