Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Purpose: The effect of soy products on prostate cancer (PCA) remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between soy products consumption and the incidence of PCA. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yiping Huang, Wenyan Wang, Jianxiang Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Korean Urological Association 2024-11-01
Series:Investigative and Clinical Urology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.icurology.org/pdf/10.4111/icu.20240186
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850199651697819648
author Yiping Huang
Wenyan Wang
Jianxiang Jin
author_facet Yiping Huang
Wenyan Wang
Jianxiang Jin
author_sort Yiping Huang
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: The effect of soy products on prostate cancer (PCA) remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between soy products consumption and the incidence of PCA. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2023. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association. Results: A total of 22 articles, comprising 1,409,213 participants, were included for this meta-analysis. The results indicate that soy products reduce the risk of PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.91–0.97, p<0.001), especially in cases of localized or low-grade PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90–0.97, p<0.001), but exhibit no effect on non-localized or high-grade PCA (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.91–1.01, p=0.085). Furthermore, increased consumption frequency was negatively associated with PCA risk. Specifically, soy products can reduce the risk of PCA in African Americans (OR=0.89, p=0.006) and Latinos (OR=0.93, p=0.036), but have no impact on Japanese (OR=0.99, p=0.655), Chinese (OR=0.90, p=0.155), and Whites (OR=0.96, p=0.133). Non-fermented soy products were associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of PCA (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.90–0.96, p<0.001), while fermented soy products had no effect on the incidence rate of PCA (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.98–1.22, p=0.096). Conclusions: The consumption of soy products can reduce the overall risk of PCA among men. Various factors, including soy products-related factors (e.g., consumption, frequency), population-related factors (e.g., race), and PCA-related factors (e.g., PCA stage) collectively influence the effect of soy products on PCA.
format Article
id doaj-art-3ddcd5b571ec402499c2b86fa1479d2a
institution OA Journals
issn 2466-0493
2466-054X
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Korean Urological Association
record_format Article
series Investigative and Clinical Urology
spelling doaj-art-3ddcd5b571ec402499c2b86fa1479d2a2025-08-20T02:12:34ZengKorean Urological AssociationInvestigative and Clinical Urology2466-04932466-054X2024-11-0165654055010.4111/icu.20240186Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studiesYiping Huang0https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8005-8496Wenyan Wang1https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4318-5213Jianxiang Jin2https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2934-3038Department of Urology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.Purpose: The effect of soy products on prostate cancer (PCA) remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between soy products consumption and the incidence of PCA. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2023. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association. Results: A total of 22 articles, comprising 1,409,213 participants, were included for this meta-analysis. The results indicate that soy products reduce the risk of PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.91–0.97, p<0.001), especially in cases of localized or low-grade PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90–0.97, p<0.001), but exhibit no effect on non-localized or high-grade PCA (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.91–1.01, p=0.085). Furthermore, increased consumption frequency was negatively associated with PCA risk. Specifically, soy products can reduce the risk of PCA in African Americans (OR=0.89, p=0.006) and Latinos (OR=0.93, p=0.036), but have no impact on Japanese (OR=0.99, p=0.655), Chinese (OR=0.90, p=0.155), and Whites (OR=0.96, p=0.133). Non-fermented soy products were associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of PCA (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.90–0.96, p<0.001), while fermented soy products had no effect on the incidence rate of PCA (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.98–1.22, p=0.096). Conclusions: The consumption of soy products can reduce the overall risk of PCA among men. Various factors, including soy products-related factors (e.g., consumption, frequency), population-related factors (e.g., race), and PCA-related factors (e.g., PCA stage) collectively influence the effect of soy products on PCA.https://www.icurology.org/pdf/10.4111/icu.20240186dietmeta-analysisprostatic neoplasmsrisk assessmentsoy foods
spellingShingle Yiping Huang
Wenyan Wang
Jianxiang Jin
Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Investigative and Clinical Urology
diet
meta-analysis
prostatic neoplasms
risk assessment
soy foods
title Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
title_full Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
title_fullStr Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
title_full_unstemmed Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
title_short Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
title_sort association between soy products and prostate cancer a systematic review and meta analysis of observational studies
topic diet
meta-analysis
prostatic neoplasms
risk assessment
soy foods
url https://www.icurology.org/pdf/10.4111/icu.20240186
work_keys_str_mv AT yipinghuang associationbetweensoyproductsandprostatecancerasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofobservationalstudies
AT wenyanwang associationbetweensoyproductsandprostatecancerasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofobservationalstudies
AT jianxiangjin associationbetweensoyproductsandprostatecancerasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofobservationalstudies