Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs

Numerous factors, including genetic background, environmental conditions, agricultural practices, and postharvest management, affect maize grain quality. Six maize hybrids with common parental components were evaluated in micro- and production trials during five years, aiming at evaluating grain yie...

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Main Authors: Vojka Babić, Valentina Nikolić, Milosav Babić, Natalija Kravić, Jovan Pavlov, Sladjana Žilić, Zoran Čamdžija, Milomir Filipović
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Agriculture
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2122
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author Vojka Babić
Valentina Nikolić
Milosav Babić
Natalija Kravić
Jovan Pavlov
Sladjana Žilić
Zoran Čamdžija
Milomir Filipović
author_facet Vojka Babić
Valentina Nikolić
Milosav Babić
Natalija Kravić
Jovan Pavlov
Sladjana Žilić
Zoran Čamdžija
Milomir Filipović
author_sort Vojka Babić
collection DOAJ
description Numerous factors, including genetic background, environmental conditions, agricultural practices, and postharvest management, affect maize grain quality. Six maize hybrids with common parental components were evaluated in micro- and production trials during five years, aiming at evaluating grain yield and grain quality traits and ascertaining the pattern of evaluated trait relationships based upon sources of variation (hybrid, year, and parental components). The parental effects were significant for the majority of analyzed quality traits, while the year effect was significant for all examined parameters. The PCAs indicated a considerable impact of the hybrids’ genetic makeup on physical parameters and kernel structure. The findings suggested the possibility of breeding simultaneously for higher protein and starch contents accompanied by a yield increase and higher protein and oil contents followed by a yield reduction. Multiple adverse interactions, which are inherently driven by the kernel structure, hamper the simultaneous breeding for higher oil and starch content. Significant quality parameter variation in the micro-trial was insufficient to provide improvement in grain quality obtained in the production trial. Although the existing variability of elite germplasm in quality parameters can be exploited, the introgression of new germplasm with high values of quality parameters per se is necessary for breeding focused on diverse applications.
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spelling doaj-art-3dc2e6539bfd4f118e859544ab7965422025-08-20T02:53:18ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722024-11-011412212210.3390/agriculture14122122Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding ProgramsVojka Babić0Valentina Nikolić1Milosav Babić2Natalija Kravić3Jovan Pavlov4Sladjana Žilić5Zoran Čamdžija6Milomir Filipović7Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaMaize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, SerbiaNumerous factors, including genetic background, environmental conditions, agricultural practices, and postharvest management, affect maize grain quality. Six maize hybrids with common parental components were evaluated in micro- and production trials during five years, aiming at evaluating grain yield and grain quality traits and ascertaining the pattern of evaluated trait relationships based upon sources of variation (hybrid, year, and parental components). The parental effects were significant for the majority of analyzed quality traits, while the year effect was significant for all examined parameters. The PCAs indicated a considerable impact of the hybrids’ genetic makeup on physical parameters and kernel structure. The findings suggested the possibility of breeding simultaneously for higher protein and starch contents accompanied by a yield increase and higher protein and oil contents followed by a yield reduction. Multiple adverse interactions, which are inherently driven by the kernel structure, hamper the simultaneous breeding for higher oil and starch content. Significant quality parameter variation in the micro-trial was insufficient to provide improvement in grain quality obtained in the production trial. Although the existing variability of elite germplasm in quality parameters can be exploited, the introgression of new germplasm with high values of quality parameters per se is necessary for breeding focused on diverse applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2122elite germplasmgrain qualitymultivariate approach<i>Zea mays</i> L.
spellingShingle Vojka Babić
Valentina Nikolić
Milosav Babić
Natalija Kravić
Jovan Pavlov
Sladjana Žilić
Zoran Čamdžija
Milomir Filipović
Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
Agriculture
elite germplasm
grain quality
multivariate approach
<i>Zea mays</i> L.
title Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
title_full Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
title_fullStr Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
title_full_unstemmed Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
title_short Elite Maize Lines Having Variability in Quality Parameters—A Valuable Starting Material for Grain Quality-Oriented Breeding Programs
title_sort elite maize lines having variability in quality parameters a valuable starting material for grain quality oriented breeding programs
topic elite germplasm
grain quality
multivariate approach
<i>Zea mays</i> L.
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2122
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