Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons

Abstract Supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) can impact both the ice sheet surface mass balance and ice dynamics. Thus, understanding the evolution and dynamics of supraglacial lakes is important to provide improved parameterizations for ice sheet models to enable better projections...

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Main Authors: Devon Dunmire, Aneesh C. Subramanian, Emam Hossain, Md Osman Gani, Alison F. Banwell, Hammad Younas, Brendan Myers
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2025-02-01
Series:Earth and Space Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003793
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author Devon Dunmire
Aneesh C. Subramanian
Emam Hossain
Md Osman Gani
Alison F. Banwell
Hammad Younas
Brendan Myers
author_facet Devon Dunmire
Aneesh C. Subramanian
Emam Hossain
Md Osman Gani
Alison F. Banwell
Hammad Younas
Brendan Myers
author_sort Devon Dunmire
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) can impact both the ice sheet surface mass balance and ice dynamics. Thus, understanding the evolution and dynamics of supraglacial lakes is important to provide improved parameterizations for ice sheet models to enable better projections of future GrIS changes. In this study, we utilize the growing inventory of optical and microwave satellite imagery to automatically determine the fate of Greenland‐wide supraglacial lakes during 2018 and 2019; low and high melt seasons respectively. We develop a novel time series classification method to categorize lakes into four classes: (a) Refreezing, (b) rapidly draining, (c) slowly draining, and (d) buried. Our findings reveal significant interannual variability between the two melt seasons, with a notable increase in the proportion of draining lakes, and a particular dominance of slowly draining lakes, in 2019. We also find that as mean lake depth increases, so does the percentage of lakes that drain, indicating that lake depth may influence hydrofracture potential. We further observe rapidly draining lakes at higher elevations than the previously hypothesized upper‐elevation hydrofracture limit (1,600 m), and that non‐draining lakes are generally deeper during the lower melt 2018 season. Our automatic classification approach and the resulting 2‐year ice‐sheet‐wide data set provide new insights into GrIS supraglacial lake dynamics and evolution, offering a valuable resource for future research.
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spelling doaj-art-3d9de4d010124903a511c78b240950d12025-08-20T03:09:44ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Earth and Space Science2333-50842025-02-01122n/an/a10.1029/2024EA003793Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt SeasonsDevon Dunmire0Aneesh C. Subramanian1Emam Hossain2Md Osman Gani3Alison F. Banwell4Hammad Younas5Brendan Myers6Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado ‐ Boulder Boulder CO USADepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado ‐ Boulder Boulder CO USADepartment of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USADepartment of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USACooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science (CIRES) University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USASt. John's School Houston TX USADepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado ‐ Boulder Boulder CO USAAbstract Supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) can impact both the ice sheet surface mass balance and ice dynamics. Thus, understanding the evolution and dynamics of supraglacial lakes is important to provide improved parameterizations for ice sheet models to enable better projections of future GrIS changes. In this study, we utilize the growing inventory of optical and microwave satellite imagery to automatically determine the fate of Greenland‐wide supraglacial lakes during 2018 and 2019; low and high melt seasons respectively. We develop a novel time series classification method to categorize lakes into four classes: (a) Refreezing, (b) rapidly draining, (c) slowly draining, and (d) buried. Our findings reveal significant interannual variability between the two melt seasons, with a notable increase in the proportion of draining lakes, and a particular dominance of slowly draining lakes, in 2019. We also find that as mean lake depth increases, so does the percentage of lakes that drain, indicating that lake depth may influence hydrofracture potential. We further observe rapidly draining lakes at higher elevations than the previously hypothesized upper‐elevation hydrofracture limit (1,600 m), and that non‐draining lakes are generally deeper during the lower melt 2018 season. Our automatic classification approach and the resulting 2‐year ice‐sheet‐wide data set provide new insights into GrIS supraglacial lake dynamics and evolution, offering a valuable resource for future research.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003793Greenland ice sheethydrologymachine learningremote sensingsupraglacial lakeshydrofracture
spellingShingle Devon Dunmire
Aneesh C. Subramanian
Emam Hossain
Md Osman Gani
Alison F. Banwell
Hammad Younas
Brendan Myers
Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
Earth and Space Science
Greenland ice sheet
hydrology
machine learning
remote sensing
supraglacial lakes
hydrofracture
title Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
title_full Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
title_fullStr Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
title_full_unstemmed Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
title_short Greenland Ice Sheet Wide Supraglacial Lake Evolution and Dynamics: Insights From the 2018 and 2019 Melt Seasons
title_sort greenland ice sheet wide supraglacial lake evolution and dynamics insights from the 2018 and 2019 melt seasons
topic Greenland ice sheet
hydrology
machine learning
remote sensing
supraglacial lakes
hydrofracture
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003793
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