Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review

Introduction and Purpose: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide globally, primarily due to its effectiveness and compatibility with genetically modified (GM) crops. Its non-selective action on the shikimate pathway makes it suitable for widespread use in agriculture, urban areas, and water m...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aleksandra Słojewska, Mikołaj Łabuda, Klaudia Królikowska, Adrianna Bogucka, Teresa Sowińska, Oliwia Mentel, Jakub Sikora, Karolina Knychalska, Agata Kotkowiak, Agnieszka Szema
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Kazimierz Wielki University 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Education, Health and Sport
Subjects:
Online Access:https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60109
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849314984048197632
author Aleksandra Słojewska
Mikołaj Łabuda
Klaudia Królikowska
Adrianna Bogucka
Teresa Sowińska
Oliwia Mentel
Jakub Sikora
Karolina Knychalska
Agata Kotkowiak
Agnieszka Szema
author_facet Aleksandra Słojewska
Mikołaj Łabuda
Klaudia Królikowska
Adrianna Bogucka
Teresa Sowińska
Oliwia Mentel
Jakub Sikora
Karolina Knychalska
Agata Kotkowiak
Agnieszka Szema
author_sort Aleksandra Słojewska
collection DOAJ
description Introduction and Purpose: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide globally, primarily due to its effectiveness and compatibility with genetically modified (GM) crops. Its non-selective action on the shikimate pathway makes it suitable for widespread use in agriculture, urban areas, and water management. However, growing concerns have emerged over its potential health effects, particularly following its classification by IARC in 2015 as "probably carcinogenic to humans." This review aims to examine current knowledge on glyphosate exposure, its environmental prevalence, human biomonitoring data, and associated health risks. Brief Description of the State of Knowledge:  Extensive global use of glyphosate has led to its detection in air, soil, water, and food. Urinary biomonitoring studies in the U.S. and Europe show high detection rates, with levels varying by region, age, and occupation. Although glyphosate alone exhibits low mammalian toxicity, commercial formulations (GBHs) often contain adjuvants that enhance toxicity. Health concerns include reproductive toxicity, carcinogenicity, gut microbiome disruption, and interference with embryonic development. Glyphosate's action on gut bacteria and cytochrome P450 enzymes may contribute to conditions such as autism, autoimmune diseases, and developmental abnormalities. Conclusions: Widespread human exposure to glyphosate is now well-documented. Given its environmental persistence and health concerns, continued biomonitoring and independent research are critical. Future regulatory decisions should assess full GBH formulations, not just glyphosate alone, and consider cumulative effects. Enhancing reporting transparency, and improving public access to pesticide data are essential for protecting environmental and public health.
format Article
id doaj-art-3d98fa0096f84bdda1af5970c0f0ce88
institution Kabale University
issn 2391-8306
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Kazimierz Wielki University
record_format Article
series Journal of Education, Health and Sport
spelling doaj-art-3d98fa0096f84bdda1af5970c0f0ce882025-08-20T03:52:16ZengKazimierz Wielki UniversityJournal of Education, Health and Sport2391-83062025-05-018110.12775/JEHS.2025.81.60109Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature ReviewAleksandra Słojewska0https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7532-0948Mikołaj Łabuda1https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4137-4319Klaudia Królikowska2https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7984-4642Adrianna Bogucka3https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8870-0495Teresa Sowińska4https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0061-212XOliwia Mentel5https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4739-0621Jakub Sikora6https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9637-0709Karolina Knychalska7https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3736-0579Agata Kotkowiak8https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4797-6980Agnieszka Szema9https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5017-3426Independent Public Voivodeship Integrated Hospital in Szczecin, ul. Arkońska 4Independent Public Voivodeship Integrated Hospital in Szczecin, ul. Arkońska 4 71-455 SzczecinUniversity Clinical Hospital no. 2 PMU in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St 70-111 SzczecinIndependent Public Voivodeship Integrated Hospital in Szczecin, ul. Arkońska 4 71-455 SzczecinUniversity Clinical Hospital no. 2 PMU in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St 70-111 SzczecinUniversity Clinical Hospital no. 2 PMU in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St 70-111 SzczecinProfi-Med Medical Center Goleniów Marii Konopnickiej 10A 72-100 GoleniówUniversity Clinical Hospital no. 2 PMU in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St 70-111 Szczecin Family Medicine Clinic "Podgórna", Podgórna 22 St. 70-205 Szczecin PolandUniversity Clinical Hospital no. 2 PMU in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St 70-111 Szczecin Introduction and Purpose: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide globally, primarily due to its effectiveness and compatibility with genetically modified (GM) crops. Its non-selective action on the shikimate pathway makes it suitable for widespread use in agriculture, urban areas, and water management. However, growing concerns have emerged over its potential health effects, particularly following its classification by IARC in 2015 as "probably carcinogenic to humans." This review aims to examine current knowledge on glyphosate exposure, its environmental prevalence, human biomonitoring data, and associated health risks. Brief Description of the State of Knowledge:  Extensive global use of glyphosate has led to its detection in air, soil, water, and food. Urinary biomonitoring studies in the U.S. and Europe show high detection rates, with levels varying by region, age, and occupation. Although glyphosate alone exhibits low mammalian toxicity, commercial formulations (GBHs) often contain adjuvants that enhance toxicity. Health concerns include reproductive toxicity, carcinogenicity, gut microbiome disruption, and interference with embryonic development. Glyphosate's action on gut bacteria and cytochrome P450 enzymes may contribute to conditions such as autism, autoimmune diseases, and developmental abnormalities. Conclusions: Widespread human exposure to glyphosate is now well-documented. Given its environmental persistence and health concerns, continued biomonitoring and independent research are critical. Future regulatory decisions should assess full GBH formulations, not just glyphosate alone, and consider cumulative effects. Enhancing reporting transparency, and improving public access to pesticide data are essential for protecting environmental and public health. https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60109environmental exposureglyphosateAMPAbiological monitoringdysbiosis
spellingShingle Aleksandra Słojewska
Mikołaj Łabuda
Klaudia Królikowska
Adrianna Bogucka
Teresa Sowińska
Oliwia Mentel
Jakub Sikora
Karolina Knychalska
Agata Kotkowiak
Agnieszka Szema
Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
Journal of Education, Health and Sport
environmental exposure
glyphosate
AMPA
biological monitoring
dysbiosis
title Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
title_full Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
title_fullStr Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
title_short Glyphosate: Human Exposure and Health Impacts — A Literature Review
title_sort glyphosate human exposure and health impacts a literature review
topic environmental exposure
glyphosate
AMPA
biological monitoring
dysbiosis
url https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60109
work_keys_str_mv AT aleksandrasłojewska glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT mikołajłabuda glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT klaudiakrolikowska glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT adriannabogucka glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT teresasowinska glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT oliwiamentel glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT jakubsikora glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT karolinaknychalska glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT agatakotkowiak glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview
AT agnieszkaszema glyphosatehumanexposureandhealthimpactsaliteraturereview