Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.

<h4>Background</h4>The use of traditional mobility datasets, such as travel surveys and census data, has significantly impacted various disciplines, including transportation, urban sensing, criminology, and healthcare. However, because these datasets represent only discrete instances of...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohammed Okmi, Tan Fong Ang, Muhammad Faiz Mohd Zaki, Chin Soon Ku, Koo Yuen Phan, Irfan Wahyudi, Lip Yee Por
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322520
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849315502634041344
author Mohammed Okmi
Tan Fong Ang
Muhammad Faiz Mohd Zaki
Chin Soon Ku
Koo Yuen Phan
Irfan Wahyudi
Lip Yee Por
author_facet Mohammed Okmi
Tan Fong Ang
Muhammad Faiz Mohd Zaki
Chin Soon Ku
Koo Yuen Phan
Irfan Wahyudi
Lip Yee Por
author_sort Mohammed Okmi
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>The use of traditional mobility datasets, such as travel surveys and census data, has significantly impacted various disciplines, including transportation, urban sensing, criminology, and healthcare. However, because these datasets represent only discrete instances of measurement, they miss continuous temporal shifts in human activities, failing to record the majority of human mobility patterns in real-time. Bolstered by the rapid expansion of telecommunication networks and the ubiquitous use of smartphones, mobile phone network data (MPND) played a pivotal role in fighting and controlling the spread of COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>We conduct an extensive review of the state-of-the-art and recent advancements in the application of MPND for analyzing the early and post-stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additionally, we evaluate and assess the included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Furthermore, we apply bibliometric analysis to visualize publication structures, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence networks.<h4>Results</h4>After the full-text screening process against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, our systematic literature review identified 55 studies that utilized MPND in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: 46 (83.6%) were quantitative, and 9 (16.4%) were qualitative. These quantitative studies can be classified into five main groups: monitoring and tracking of human mobility patterns (n = 11), investigating the correlation between mobility patterns and the spread of COVID-19 (n = 7), analyzing the recovery of economic activities and travel patterns (n = 5), assessing factors associated with NPI compliance (n = 5), and investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) measures on human behaviors, urban dynamics, and economic activity (n = 18). In addition, our findings indicate that NPI measures had a significant impact on reducing human movement and dynamics. However, demographics, political party affiliation, socioeconomic inequality, and racial inequality had a significant impact on population adherence to NPI measures, which could increase disease spread and delay social and economic recovery.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The usage of MPND for monitoring and tracking human activities and mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic raises privacy implications and ethical concerns. Thus, striking a balance between meeting the ethical requirements and maintaining privacy risks should be further discovered and investigated in the future.
format Article
id doaj-art-3d89b9a9854640d080780e8343c18bc0
institution Kabale University
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-3d89b9a9854640d080780e8343c18bc02025-08-20T03:52:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01204e032252010.1371/journal.pone.0322520Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.Mohammed OkmiTan Fong AngMuhammad Faiz Mohd ZakiChin Soon KuKoo Yuen PhanIrfan WahyudiLip Yee Por<h4>Background</h4>The use of traditional mobility datasets, such as travel surveys and census data, has significantly impacted various disciplines, including transportation, urban sensing, criminology, and healthcare. However, because these datasets represent only discrete instances of measurement, they miss continuous temporal shifts in human activities, failing to record the majority of human mobility patterns in real-time. Bolstered by the rapid expansion of telecommunication networks and the ubiquitous use of smartphones, mobile phone network data (MPND) played a pivotal role in fighting and controlling the spread of COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>We conduct an extensive review of the state-of-the-art and recent advancements in the application of MPND for analyzing the early and post-stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additionally, we evaluate and assess the included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Furthermore, we apply bibliometric analysis to visualize publication structures, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence networks.<h4>Results</h4>After the full-text screening process against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, our systematic literature review identified 55 studies that utilized MPND in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: 46 (83.6%) were quantitative, and 9 (16.4%) were qualitative. These quantitative studies can be classified into five main groups: monitoring and tracking of human mobility patterns (n = 11), investigating the correlation between mobility patterns and the spread of COVID-19 (n = 7), analyzing the recovery of economic activities and travel patterns (n = 5), assessing factors associated with NPI compliance (n = 5), and investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) measures on human behaviors, urban dynamics, and economic activity (n = 18). In addition, our findings indicate that NPI measures had a significant impact on reducing human movement and dynamics. However, demographics, political party affiliation, socioeconomic inequality, and racial inequality had a significant impact on population adherence to NPI measures, which could increase disease spread and delay social and economic recovery.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The usage of MPND for monitoring and tracking human activities and mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic raises privacy implications and ethical concerns. Thus, striking a balance between meeting the ethical requirements and maintaining privacy risks should be further discovered and investigated in the future.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322520
spellingShingle Mohammed Okmi
Tan Fong Ang
Muhammad Faiz Mohd Zaki
Chin Soon Ku
Koo Yuen Phan
Irfan Wahyudi
Lip Yee Por
Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
PLoS ONE
title Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
title_full Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
title_fullStr Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
title_full_unstemmed Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
title_short Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies.
title_sort mobile phone network data in the covid 19 era a systematic review of applications socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non pharmaceutical interventions privacy implications and post pandemic economic recovery strategies
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322520
work_keys_str_mv AT mohammedokmi mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT tanfongang mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT muhammadfaizmohdzaki mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT chinsoonku mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT kooyuenphan mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT irfanwahyudi mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies
AT lipyeepor mobilephonenetworkdatainthecovid19eraasystematicreviewofapplicationssocioeconomicfactorsaffectingcompliancetononpharmaceuticalinterventionsprivacyimplicationsandpostpandemiceconomicrecoverystrategies