Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers

Summary: Pesticide buildup in agricultural soils disrupts ecosystem function by harming soil biota and microbial activity. This study evaluates biochar derived from finger millet biomass as a remediation agent for pesticide contaminated soil. Characterization of the biochar using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and...

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Main Authors: Pradip Kumar Jena, Suryasikha Samal, Rashmi Rekha Samal, Soumya Ranjan Panigrahi, Urmila Baral, Subhalaxmi Behera, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, C.S.K. Mishra
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:iScience
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225012520
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author Pradip Kumar Jena
Suryasikha Samal
Rashmi Rekha Samal
Soumya Ranjan Panigrahi
Urmila Baral
Subhalaxmi Behera
Jayanta Kumar Biswas
C.S.K. Mishra
author_facet Pradip Kumar Jena
Suryasikha Samal
Rashmi Rekha Samal
Soumya Ranjan Panigrahi
Urmila Baral
Subhalaxmi Behera
Jayanta Kumar Biswas
C.S.K. Mishra
author_sort Pradip Kumar Jena
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Pesticide buildup in agricultural soils disrupts ecosystem function by harming soil biota and microbial activity. This study evaluates biochar derived from finger millet biomass as a remediation agent for pesticide contaminated soil. Characterization of the biochar using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and GC-MS revealed a porous structure suitable for adsorbing organic pollutants. Molecular docking showed strong interactions between biochar and the pesticides, dimethoate, and pretilachlor. Biochar application in contaminated soil enhanced total protein content and reduced lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and catalase (CAT) activities in the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) tissue. Activities of soil exoenzymes: amylase, invertase, and cellulase increased in response to biochar amendment, indicating improved microbial function. These findings suggest that finger millet biochar effectively lowers pesticide toxicity while supporting soil biological recovery, offering a sustainable approach in maintaining soil health.
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series iScience
spelling doaj-art-3d872263b31b49c0adf89814e6df03da2025-08-20T02:36:39ZengElsevieriScience2589-00422025-08-0128811299110.1016/j.isci.2025.112991Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkersPradip Kumar Jena0Suryasikha Samal1Rashmi Rekha Samal2Soumya Ranjan Panigrahi3Urmila Baral4Subhalaxmi Behera5Jayanta Kumar Biswas6C.S.K. Mishra7College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, IndiaCollege of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India; Corresponding authorDepartment of Environmental Sustainability, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, IndiaCollege of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, IndiaCollege of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, IndiaCollege of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, IndiaDepartment of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, IndiaOdisha Public Service Commission, 19, Dr P.K. Parija Road, Cuttack, Odisha, IndiaSummary: Pesticide buildup in agricultural soils disrupts ecosystem function by harming soil biota and microbial activity. This study evaluates biochar derived from finger millet biomass as a remediation agent for pesticide contaminated soil. Characterization of the biochar using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and GC-MS revealed a porous structure suitable for adsorbing organic pollutants. Molecular docking showed strong interactions between biochar and the pesticides, dimethoate, and pretilachlor. Biochar application in contaminated soil enhanced total protein content and reduced lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and catalase (CAT) activities in the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) tissue. Activities of soil exoenzymes: amylase, invertase, and cellulase increased in response to biochar amendment, indicating improved microbial function. These findings suggest that finger millet biochar effectively lowers pesticide toxicity while supporting soil biological recovery, offering a sustainable approach in maintaining soil health.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225012520soil sciencesoil ecotoxicologyenvironmental toxicology
spellingShingle Pradip Kumar Jena
Suryasikha Samal
Rashmi Rekha Samal
Soumya Ranjan Panigrahi
Urmila Baral
Subhalaxmi Behera
Jayanta Kumar Biswas
C.S.K. Mishra
Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
iScience
soil science
soil ecotoxicology
environmental toxicology
title Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
title_full Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
title_fullStr Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
title_short Evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
title_sort evaluating millet biochar as mitigator of pesticide toxicity in soil using biomarkers
topic soil science
soil ecotoxicology
environmental toxicology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225012520
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