Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power
Digital image source identification primarily focuses on analyzing and detecting the machine imprints or camera fingerprints left by imaging devices during the imaging process to trace the origin of digital images. The development of a swift search algorithm is crucial for the effective implementati...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/261 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549401824165888 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhimao Lai Lijuan Cheng Renhai Feng |
| author_facet | Zhimao Lai Lijuan Cheng Renhai Feng |
| author_sort | Zhimao Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Digital image source identification primarily focuses on analyzing and detecting the machine imprints or camera fingerprints left by imaging devices during the imaging process to trace the origin of digital images. The development of a swift search algorithm is crucial for the effective implementation of camera source identification. Despite its importance, this domain has witnessed limited research, with existing studies predominantly focusing on search efficiency while neglecting robustness, which is essential. In practical scenarios, query images often suffer from poor signal quality due to noise, and the variability in fingerprint quality across different sources presents a significant challenge. Conventional brute-force search algorithms (BFSAs) prove largely ineffective under these conditions because they lack the necessary robustness. This paper addresses the issues in digital image source identification by proposing a rapid fingerprint search algorithm based on global information. The algorithm innovatively introduces a search priority queue (SPQ), which analyzes the global correlation between the query fingerprint and all reference fingerprints in the database to construct a comprehensive priority ranking, thereby achieving the efficient retrieval of matching fingerprints. Compared to the traditional brute-force search algorithm (BFSA), our method significantly reduces computational complexity in large-scale databases, optimizing from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo form="prefix">log</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, where <i>n</i> is the length of the fingerprint, and <i>N</i> is the number of fingerprints in the database. Additionally, the algorithm demonstrates strong robustness to noise, maintaining a high matching accuracy rate even when image quality is poor and noise interference is significant. Experimental results show that in a database containing fingerprints from 70 cameras, our algorithm is 50% faster in average search time than BFSA, and its matching accuracy rate exceeds 90% under various noise levels. This method not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of digital image source identification but also provides strong technical support for handling large-scale image data, with broad application prospects in fields such as copyright protection and forensic evidence. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3d60953a47904de6a592509f1e44e461 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d60953a47904de6a592509f1e44e4612025-01-10T13:14:57ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0115126110.3390/app15010261Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative PowerZhimao Lai0Lijuan Cheng1Renhai Feng2School of Immigration Administration (Guangzhou), China People’s Police University, Guangzhou 510663, ChinaSchool of Immigration Administration (Guangzhou), China People’s Police University, Guangzhou 510663, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaDigital image source identification primarily focuses on analyzing and detecting the machine imprints or camera fingerprints left by imaging devices during the imaging process to trace the origin of digital images. The development of a swift search algorithm is crucial for the effective implementation of camera source identification. Despite its importance, this domain has witnessed limited research, with existing studies predominantly focusing on search efficiency while neglecting robustness, which is essential. In practical scenarios, query images often suffer from poor signal quality due to noise, and the variability in fingerprint quality across different sources presents a significant challenge. Conventional brute-force search algorithms (BFSAs) prove largely ineffective under these conditions because they lack the necessary robustness. This paper addresses the issues in digital image source identification by proposing a rapid fingerprint search algorithm based on global information. The algorithm innovatively introduces a search priority queue (SPQ), which analyzes the global correlation between the query fingerprint and all reference fingerprints in the database to construct a comprehensive priority ranking, thereby achieving the efficient retrieval of matching fingerprints. Compared to the traditional brute-force search algorithm (BFSA), our method significantly reduces computational complexity in large-scale databases, optimizing from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo form="prefix">log</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, where <i>n</i> is the length of the fingerprint, and <i>N</i> is the number of fingerprints in the database. Additionally, the algorithm demonstrates strong robustness to noise, maintaining a high matching accuracy rate even when image quality is poor and noise interference is significant. Experimental results show that in a database containing fingerprints from 70 cameras, our algorithm is 50% faster in average search time than BFSA, and its matching accuracy rate exceeds 90% under various noise levels. This method not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of digital image source identification but also provides strong technical support for handling large-scale image data, with broad application prospects in fields such as copyright protection and forensic evidence.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/261source camera identificationdigital image forensicsfast search algorithmfingerprint digestcorrelation-based detectionhash table |
| spellingShingle | Zhimao Lai Lijuan Cheng Renhai Feng Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power Applied Sciences source camera identification digital image forensics fast search algorithm fingerprint digest correlation-based detection hash table |
| title | Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power |
| title_full | Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power |
| title_short | Enhancing Camera Source Identification: A Rapid Algorithm with Enhanced Discriminative Power |
| title_sort | enhancing camera source identification a rapid algorithm with enhanced discriminative power |
| topic | source camera identification digital image forensics fast search algorithm fingerprint digest correlation-based detection hash table |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/261 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhimaolai enhancingcamerasourceidentificationarapidalgorithmwithenhanceddiscriminativepower AT lijuancheng enhancingcamerasourceidentificationarapidalgorithmwithenhanceddiscriminativepower AT renhaifeng enhancingcamerasourceidentificationarapidalgorithmwithenhanceddiscriminativepower |