Hemoglobin glycation index and triglyceride glucose index as potential markers for prediction of diabetic vascular complications
Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that both the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index provide superior measures of glucose metabolism compared to traditional blood glucose markers. Furthermore, genetic variants have been identified as signific...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2025-07-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-025-00499-6 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that both the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index provide superior measures of glucose metabolism compared to traditional blood glucose markers. Furthermore, genetic variants have been identified as significant contributors to the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and its related complications, highlighting the interplay between metabolic markers and genetic predisposition. Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the value of the TyG index and the HGI as possible indicators of diabetic vascular complications and investigate their association with the HK-1 (rs7072268) polymorphism. Methods This case-control study included 200 adult participants with T2D and 50 healthy controls. The HGI values were divided into three groups by the tertile method and the TyG index values were divided into two groups by the median level. HK-1 (rs7072268) T>C polymorphism genotyping was done by real-time PCR. Results This study found that participants with diabetic vascular complications showed significantly higher values of HGI and TyG index than controls and those without vascular complications (p <0.001). Elevated HGI was associated with macrovascular complications, while a higher TyG index was linked to both diabetic nephropathy and macrovascular complications, such as stroke and hypertension. The frequencies of HK-1 (rs7072268) TC and TT genotypes, as well as the T allele, were significantly higher in the diabetes with vascular complications group (p <0.001) with higher HGI and TyG index values associated with these genotypes. Conclusions This study suggests that both the HGI and TyG index are valuable indicators of diabetic vascular complications. Additionally, the HK-1 (rs7072268) TC and TT genotypes were strongly associated with increased risk of diabetes and its vascular complications as well as higher values of HGI and TyG index. These results highlight the potential utility of these markers in predicting diabetic vascular risks. |
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| ISSN: | 2090-9098 |