Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data
Aim: This study investigates the accuracy and reliability of GPCC and CRU data for conducting various hydroclimatic studies in Iraq. Material & Method: The data used include monthly precipitation data from the GPCC database with a spatial resolution of 0.5° and 0.25° geographical latitude and lo...
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| Format: | Article |
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Hakim Sabzevari University
2025-05-01
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| Series: | مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق خشک |
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| Online Access: | https://jargs.hsu.ac.ir/article_207161_4205579484d472515c3931b469e17755.pdf |
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| author | Hadi Razzaq Abed jafar Masoompour Samakosh Morteza Miri Tayeb Raziei |
| author_facet | Hadi Razzaq Abed jafar Masoompour Samakosh Morteza Miri Tayeb Raziei |
| author_sort | Hadi Razzaq Abed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: This study investigates the accuracy and reliability of GPCC and CRU data for conducting various hydroclimatic studies in Iraq.
Material & Method: The data used include monthly precipitation data from the GPCC database with a spatial resolution of 0.5° and 0.25° geographical latitude and longitude, and monthly precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature data from the CRU database with a spatial resolution of 0.5° geographical latitude and longitude over the period 1990–2020. R, R2, EF, BIAS, RMSE, and Slope statistics were used to evaluate the accuracy of the data.
Finding: According to the validation results, GPCC and CRU exhibit satisfactory accuracy in estimating precipitation minimum and maximum temperatures in Iraq. GPCC shows a high correlation coefficient (0.71-0.87) in estimating precipitation in Iraq's eastern and northern provinces. The Slope statistic ranges between 0.80 and 1.2, and the NRMSE is less than 3 in most stations. CRU demonstrates a high correlation coefficient (R≈0.81), EF>0.5, NRMSE<2, and Bias between -2 and 6 mm in estimating precipitation in the eastern and northern parts of the country. Furthermore, CRU exhibits high accuracy in estimating minimum and maximum temperature in Iraq; as such, the CRU data and observed data at stations exhibit strong agreement, with R>0.96, R2>0.95, EF>0.95, Slope>0.95, and NRMSE around less than 1.5 in most regions.
Conclusion: Based on the validation results, GPCC and CRU have suitable accuracy in estimating rainfall minimum and maximum temperatures in Iraq. Therefore, GPCC and CRU data can be introduced as reliable sources for analyzing precipitation and temperature patterns and in areas lacking data in Iraq.
Innovation: Both data sources provide the possibility of analyzing precipitation and temperature patterns, as well as important decision-making steps related to water management and adaptation to climate change. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3d5653898e754aabb154cdfe1cf8490b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2228-7167 2981-1910 |
| language | fas |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Hakim Sabzevari University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق خشک |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d5653898e754aabb154cdfe1cf8490b2025-08-20T03:52:52ZfasHakim Sabzevari Universityمطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق خشک2228-71672981-19102025-05-01165911310.22034/jargs.2024.475185.1134207161Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational dataHadi Razzaq Abed0jafar Masoompour Samakosh1Morteza Miri2Tayeb Raziei3Department of Climatology, Faculty of Geography, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranDepartment of Climatology, Faculty of Geography, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranSoil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI)Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI)Aim: This study investigates the accuracy and reliability of GPCC and CRU data for conducting various hydroclimatic studies in Iraq. Material & Method: The data used include monthly precipitation data from the GPCC database with a spatial resolution of 0.5° and 0.25° geographical latitude and longitude, and monthly precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature data from the CRU database with a spatial resolution of 0.5° geographical latitude and longitude over the period 1990–2020. R, R2, EF, BIAS, RMSE, and Slope statistics were used to evaluate the accuracy of the data. Finding: According to the validation results, GPCC and CRU exhibit satisfactory accuracy in estimating precipitation minimum and maximum temperatures in Iraq. GPCC shows a high correlation coefficient (0.71-0.87) in estimating precipitation in Iraq's eastern and northern provinces. The Slope statistic ranges between 0.80 and 1.2, and the NRMSE is less than 3 in most stations. CRU demonstrates a high correlation coefficient (R≈0.81), EF>0.5, NRMSE<2, and Bias between -2 and 6 mm in estimating precipitation in the eastern and northern parts of the country. Furthermore, CRU exhibits high accuracy in estimating minimum and maximum temperature in Iraq; as such, the CRU data and observed data at stations exhibit strong agreement, with R>0.96, R2>0.95, EF>0.95, Slope>0.95, and NRMSE around less than 1.5 in most regions. Conclusion: Based on the validation results, GPCC and CRU have suitable accuracy in estimating rainfall minimum and maximum temperatures in Iraq. Therefore, GPCC and CRU data can be introduced as reliable sources for analyzing precipitation and temperature patterns and in areas lacking data in Iraq. Innovation: Both data sources provide the possibility of analyzing precipitation and temperature patterns, as well as important decision-making steps related to water management and adaptation to climate change.https://jargs.hsu.ac.ir/article_207161_4205579484d472515c3931b469e17755.pdfiraqprecipitationtemperaturevalidation |
| spellingShingle | Hadi Razzaq Abed jafar Masoompour Samakosh Morteza Miri Tayeb Raziei Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق خشک iraq precipitation temperature validation |
| title | Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data |
| title_full | Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data |
| title_short | Evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of GPCC and CRU datasets against observational data |
| title_sort | evaluation of spatial and temporal accuracy of gpcc and cru datasets against observational data |
| topic | iraq precipitation temperature validation |
| url | https://jargs.hsu.ac.ir/article_207161_4205579484d472515c3931b469e17755.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hadirazzaqabed evaluationofspatialandtemporalaccuracyofgpccandcrudatasetsagainstobservationaldata AT jafarmasoompoursamakosh evaluationofspatialandtemporalaccuracyofgpccandcrudatasetsagainstobservationaldata AT mortezamiri evaluationofspatialandtemporalaccuracyofgpccandcrudatasetsagainstobservationaldata AT tayebraziei evaluationofspatialandtemporalaccuracyofgpccandcrudatasetsagainstobservationaldata |