Joint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome on the accumulation mechanism of flavonoids in quinoa seedlings under flooding stress
Abstract Background As a nutrient rich pseudocereal crop, quinoa is severely restricted by waterlogging, which hinders the growth and development of quinoa seedlings. The accumulation mechanism of flavonoids in quinoa under abiotic stress has been reported, but there are few reports on the accumulat...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06867-2 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background As a nutrient rich pseudocereal crop, quinoa is severely restricted by waterlogging, which hinders the growth and development of quinoa seedlings. The accumulation mechanism of flavonoids in quinoa under abiotic stress has been reported, but there are few reports on the accumulation of flavonoids in quinoa seedlings under waterlogging. Methods We used one highly resistant and two sensitive lines as experimental materials, and combined metabolomic and transcriptomic associations as well as WGCNA to describe and analyze in detail the accumulation of flavonoids in quinoa seedlings under flooding stress in three quinoa lines. Results The results showed that under flooding stress, the total flavonoid content in highly resistant materials was higher than that in sensitive materials. A total of 173 flavonoid metabolites were detected in all samples, mainly flavonoids and flavonols. Gene metabolite regulatory network analysis showed that a total of 22 genes regulated 11 enzymes and 13 metabolites that played key roles in response to flooding stress, among which CHS, F3H, and FLS genes showed strong and significant positive correlations with various flavonoid metabolites.Combined with WGCNA, five transcription factors (TFs) related to the synthes is of flavonoids under waterlogging were identified, including MYB and NF-YC, And these genes were validated by RT-qPCR, and the expression levels were consistent with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, thus confirming the reliability of our data. Conclusions This study elucidated that quinoa significantly enhances the synthesis of flavonoids under flooding stress through the synergistic regulation of key genes such as CHS, F3H, FLS and the MYB and NF-YC transcription factors, providing an important theoretical basis and genetic resources for analyzing the mechanism of quinoa's flooding tolerance and cultivating varieties that are resistant to waterlogging. |
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| ISSN: | 1471-2229 |