The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes
Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that oral microbes are closely related to gastric microbes and gastric lesions, including gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori is a key pathogen involved in GC. However, the increasing prevalence of H. pylori-negativ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00623-4 |
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| author | Mengying Xia Lei Lei Linyong Zhao Wenqing Xu Hongyu Zhang Mingming Li Jiankun Hu Ran Cheng Tao Hu |
| author_facet | Mengying Xia Lei Lei Linyong Zhao Wenqing Xu Hongyu Zhang Mingming Li Jiankun Hu Ran Cheng Tao Hu |
| author_sort | Mengying Xia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that oral microbes are closely related to gastric microbes and gastric lesions, including gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori is a key pathogen involved in GC. However, the increasing prevalence of H. pylori-negative GC and gastric dysbiosis in GC patients emphasize the potential role of other microbial factors. In this review, we discussed the current evidence about the relationship between the oral–gastric microbial axis and oral and gastric health. Epidemiologic evidence indicates that poor oral hygiene is related to greater GC risk. Multiple oral-associated microbes are enriched in the stomach of GC patients. Once colonizing the stomach, oral-associated microbes Streptococcus anginosus and Prevotella melaninogenica, are involved in gastric inflammation or carcinogenesis. Microbial metabolites such as lactate, nitrite, and acetaldehyde promote malignant transformation. The stomach, as a checkpoint of microbial transmission in the digestive tract, is of great importance since the link between oral microbes and intestinal diseases has been emphasized. Still, new technologies and standardized metrics are necessary to identify potential pathogenetic microbes for GC and the core microbiota, interactions, richness, colonization, location and effect (CIRCLE). In the future, oral microbes could be candidates for noninvasive indicators to predict gastric diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3d51f034bb1d4b5ab86f228df2603744 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2055-5008 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d51f034bb1d4b5ab86f228df26037442025-08-20T02:53:50ZengNature Portfolionpj Biofilms and Microbiomes2055-50082025-01-0111111210.1038/s41522-024-00623-4The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputesMengying Xia0Lei Lei1Linyong Zhao2Wenqing Xu3Hongyu Zhang4Mingming Li5Jiankun Hu6Ran Cheng7Tao Hu8State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityGastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityGastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Emerging evidence indicates that oral microbes are closely related to gastric microbes and gastric lesions, including gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori is a key pathogen involved in GC. However, the increasing prevalence of H. pylori-negative GC and gastric dysbiosis in GC patients emphasize the potential role of other microbial factors. In this review, we discussed the current evidence about the relationship between the oral–gastric microbial axis and oral and gastric health. Epidemiologic evidence indicates that poor oral hygiene is related to greater GC risk. Multiple oral-associated microbes are enriched in the stomach of GC patients. Once colonizing the stomach, oral-associated microbes Streptococcus anginosus and Prevotella melaninogenica, are involved in gastric inflammation or carcinogenesis. Microbial metabolites such as lactate, nitrite, and acetaldehyde promote malignant transformation. The stomach, as a checkpoint of microbial transmission in the digestive tract, is of great importance since the link between oral microbes and intestinal diseases has been emphasized. Still, new technologies and standardized metrics are necessary to identify potential pathogenetic microbes for GC and the core microbiota, interactions, richness, colonization, location and effect (CIRCLE). In the future, oral microbes could be candidates for noninvasive indicators to predict gastric diseases.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00623-4 |
| spellingShingle | Mengying Xia Lei Lei Linyong Zhao Wenqing Xu Hongyu Zhang Mingming Li Jiankun Hu Ran Cheng Tao Hu The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| title | The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes |
| title_full | The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes |
| title_fullStr | The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes |
| title_short | The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes |
| title_sort | dynamic oral gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health current evidence and disputes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00623-4 |
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