A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways
To thoroughly investigate the impact of meteorological conditions and emission changes on winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> variation in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2015 to 2019, we leveraged advanced modeling techniques, namely, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Nest...
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MDPI AG
2024-08-01
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| author | Yong Pan Jie Zheng Fangxin Fang Fanghui Liang Lei Tong Hang Xiao |
| author_facet | Yong Pan Jie Zheng Fangxin Fang Fanghui Liang Lei Tong Hang Xiao |
| author_sort | Yong Pan |
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| description | To thoroughly investigate the impact of meteorological conditions and emission changes on winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> variation in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2015 to 2019, we leveraged advanced modeling techniques, namely, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Nested Air Quality Prediction Model System (NAQPMS). The results revealed that a notable trend of high-PM<sub>2.5</sub>-concentration regions shifted from coastal areas towards to the inland regions. While emission reduction can effectively reduce the concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, meteorological changes exert a significant impact on PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration. Unfavorable meteorological changes in 2018 and 2019 emerged as crucial factors driving PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in the region (up 0~50 µg·m<sup>−3</sup>). Our findings also shed light on the potential sources and transport pathways of PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in key cities within the YRD, indicating that the coastal channel of Hebei–Shandong–Jiangsu and the inland channel bordering Hebei, Henan, Shandong, and Anhui serve as major contributors. Light and moderate pollution was predominantly influenced by the medium-distance coastal channel (48~70%). Remarkably, short-distance inland (19~54%) and coastal transportation (33~53%) channels emerged as the primary causes of severe PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in the YRD. To effectively combat this issue, it is imperative to bolster key control and prevention measures in these regions. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-3cd90c23ac7e45c8ae3729f83e3f60032025-08-20T01:55:58ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332024-08-01159103710.3390/atmos15091037A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport PathwaysYong Pan0Jie Zheng1Fangxin Fang2Fanghui Liang3Lei Tong4Hang Xiao5Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health & Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, ChinaKey Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health & Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, ChinaApplied Modelling and Computation Group, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UKBeilun Branch of the Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Ningbo 315800, ChinaKey Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health & Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, ChinaKey Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health & Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, ChinaTo thoroughly investigate the impact of meteorological conditions and emission changes on winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> variation in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2015 to 2019, we leveraged advanced modeling techniques, namely, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Nested Air Quality Prediction Model System (NAQPMS). The results revealed that a notable trend of high-PM<sub>2.5</sub>-concentration regions shifted from coastal areas towards to the inland regions. While emission reduction can effectively reduce the concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, meteorological changes exert a significant impact on PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration. Unfavorable meteorological changes in 2018 and 2019 emerged as crucial factors driving PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in the region (up 0~50 µg·m<sup>−3</sup>). Our findings also shed light on the potential sources and transport pathways of PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in key cities within the YRD, indicating that the coastal channel of Hebei–Shandong–Jiangsu and the inland channel bordering Hebei, Henan, Shandong, and Anhui serve as major contributors. Light and moderate pollution was predominantly influenced by the medium-distance coastal channel (48~70%). Remarkably, short-distance inland (19~54%) and coastal transportation (33~53%) channels emerged as the primary causes of severe PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in the YRD. To effectively combat this issue, it is imperative to bolster key control and prevention measures in these regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/9/1037PM<sub>2.5</sub> numerical simulationNAQPMS modelbackward trajectory cluster analysisPSCFCWT |
| spellingShingle | Yong Pan Jie Zheng Fangxin Fang Fanghui Liang Lei Tong Hang Xiao A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways Atmosphere PM<sub>2.5</sub> numerical simulation NAQPMS model backward trajectory cluster analysis PSCF CWT |
| title | A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Study on Winter PM<sub>2.5</sub> Variation in the Yangtze River Delta: Unveiling Causes and Pollution Transport Pathways |
| title_sort | comprehensive study on winter pm sub 2 5 sub variation in the yangtze river delta unveiling causes and pollution transport pathways |
| topic | PM<sub>2.5</sub> numerical simulation NAQPMS model backward trajectory cluster analysis PSCF CWT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/9/1037 |
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