Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of surgical site infections (SSIs) following cesarean sections (C/S) in Saudi Arabia, a significant public health concern impacting maternal morbidity and hospital stays. Seven studies, including 7632 women...

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Main Authors: Najim Z. Alshahrani, Abdulrahman M. Albeshry, Mohammed A. Aljunaid, Mohammed A. Kilani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Journal of Infection and Public Health
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034125002047
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author Najim Z. Alshahrani
Abdulrahman M. Albeshry
Mohammed A. Aljunaid
Mohammed A. Kilani
author_facet Najim Z. Alshahrani
Abdulrahman M. Albeshry
Mohammed A. Aljunaid
Mohammed A. Kilani
author_sort Najim Z. Alshahrani
collection DOAJ
description This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of surgical site infections (SSIs) following cesarean sections (C/S) in Saudi Arabia, a significant public health concern impacting maternal morbidity and hospital stays. Seven studies, including 7632 women, were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of SSIs post-cesarean section was 3 % (95 % CI: 2 %–4 %), with substantial heterogeneity across studies (I² = 81.8 %). Consistently identified risk factors included Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, Obesity (BMI ≥ 30), and prolonged surgery duration, while hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, and gestational age showed no significant association with SSIs. Most infections were managed effectively with systemic antibiotics, and maternal outcomes were generally favorable, although some cases required prolonged recovery or neonatal intensive care admission. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were among the most common causative pathogens. These findings underscore the need for enhanced preventive strategies and standardized protocols to reduce SSI rates and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Saudi Arabia.
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spelling doaj-art-3cd13bd5b5ac453e9d4e865eb9ea7c632025-08-20T03:20:04ZengElsevierJournal of Infection and Public Health1876-03412025-09-0118910285510.1016/j.jiph.2025.102855Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysisNajim Z. Alshahrani0Abdulrahman M. Albeshry1Mohammed A. Aljunaid2Mohammed A. Kilani3Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author at: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaPublic Health Authority of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of surgical site infections (SSIs) following cesarean sections (C/S) in Saudi Arabia, a significant public health concern impacting maternal morbidity and hospital stays. Seven studies, including 7632 women, were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of SSIs post-cesarean section was 3 % (95 % CI: 2 %–4 %), with substantial heterogeneity across studies (I² = 81.8 %). Consistently identified risk factors included Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, Obesity (BMI ≥ 30), and prolonged surgery duration, while hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, and gestational age showed no significant association with SSIs. Most infections were managed effectively with systemic antibiotics, and maternal outcomes were generally favorable, although some cases required prolonged recovery or neonatal intensive care admission. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were among the most common causative pathogens. These findings underscore the need for enhanced preventive strategies and standardized protocols to reduce SSI rates and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Saudi Arabia.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034125002047Surgical site infectionsCesarean sectionMaternal morbidityRisk factorsPrevention strategies
spellingShingle Najim Z. Alshahrani
Abdulrahman M. Albeshry
Mohammed A. Aljunaid
Mohammed A. Kilani
Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal of Infection and Public Health
Surgical site infections
Cesarean section
Maternal morbidity
Risk factors
Prevention strategies
title Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Prevalence of surgical site infections post-cesarean section in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort prevalence of surgical site infections post cesarean section in saudi arabia a systematic review and meta analysis
topic Surgical site infections
Cesarean section
Maternal morbidity
Risk factors
Prevention strategies
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034125002047
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AT mohammedaaljunaid prevalenceofsurgicalsiteinfectionspostcesareansectioninsaudiarabiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT mohammedakilani prevalenceofsurgicalsiteinfectionspostcesareansectioninsaudiarabiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis