The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey

Background/Objectives: Our aim was to validate the performance of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), published in 2023, in an APS cohort. Methods: A total of 193 patients, 83 with APS (sec...

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Main Authors: Salim Mısırcı, Ali Ekin, Burcu Yağız, Belkıs Nihan Coşkun, Ediz Dalkılıç, Yavuz Pehlivan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Diagnostics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/19/2205
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author Salim Mısırcı
Ali Ekin
Burcu Yağız
Belkıs Nihan Coşkun
Ediz Dalkılıç
Yavuz Pehlivan
author_facet Salim Mısırcı
Ali Ekin
Burcu Yağız
Belkıs Nihan Coşkun
Ediz Dalkılıç
Yavuz Pehlivan
author_sort Salim Mısırcı
collection DOAJ
description Background/Objectives: Our aim was to validate the performance of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), published in 2023, in an APS cohort. Methods: A total of 193 patients, 83 with APS (secondary APS, <i>n</i> = 45; primary APS, <i>n</i> = 38) and 110 without APS (systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), <i>n</i> = 100; others, <i>n</i> = 10), were included in this study. The performance (sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC)) of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for APS was evaluated and the agreement with the revised Sapporo criteria was compared using the kappa test. Results: In our cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for APS were 73% and 94%, respectively (AUC: 0.836, 95% CI: 0.772–0.899), while the sensitivity and specificity of the revised Sapporo criteria were 66% and 98%, respectively (95% CI: 0.756–0.888). The performance of the two sets of criteria in our cohort was significantly consistent and significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). When the sensitivity, specificity and ROC curve analysis were performed again by excluding livedo racemosa, the sensitivity of the new criteria in our cohort was 62% and the specificity was 100% (AUC: 0.813, 95% CI: 0.746–0.881). Conclusions: Although the newly published criteria broaden the scope of APS classification by including clinical findings other than thrombosis and obstetric criteria, their sensitivity in our cohort was low. On the other hand, we found that the specificity of the criteria in our cohort reached 100% when livedo findings were excluded.
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spelling doaj-art-3caa65e066be4d049e8b07de1a14ffb62025-08-20T01:47:45ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182024-10-011419220510.3390/diagnostics14192205The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from TurkeySalim Mısırcı0Ali Ekin1Burcu Yağız2Belkıs Nihan Coşkun3Ediz Dalkılıç4Yavuz Pehlivan5Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyBackground/Objectives: Our aim was to validate the performance of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), published in 2023, in an APS cohort. Methods: A total of 193 patients, 83 with APS (secondary APS, <i>n</i> = 45; primary APS, <i>n</i> = 38) and 110 without APS (systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), <i>n</i> = 100; others, <i>n</i> = 10), were included in this study. The performance (sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC)) of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for APS was evaluated and the agreement with the revised Sapporo criteria was compared using the kappa test. Results: In our cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for APS were 73% and 94%, respectively (AUC: 0.836, 95% CI: 0.772–0.899), while the sensitivity and specificity of the revised Sapporo criteria were 66% and 98%, respectively (95% CI: 0.756–0.888). The performance of the two sets of criteria in our cohort was significantly consistent and significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). When the sensitivity, specificity and ROC curve analysis were performed again by excluding livedo racemosa, the sensitivity of the new criteria in our cohort was 62% and the specificity was 100% (AUC: 0.813, 95% CI: 0.746–0.881). Conclusions: Although the newly published criteria broaden the scope of APS classification by including clinical findings other than thrombosis and obstetric criteria, their sensitivity in our cohort was low. On the other hand, we found that the specificity of the criteria in our cohort reached 100% when livedo findings were excluded.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/19/2205antiphospholipid syndromelivedo racemosaSapporo criteriasystemic lupus erythematosus
spellingShingle Salim Mısırcı
Ali Ekin
Burcu Yağız
Belkıs Nihan Coşkun
Ediz Dalkılıç
Yavuz Pehlivan
The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
Diagnostics
antiphospholipid syndrome
livedo racemosa
Sapporo criteria
systemic lupus erythematosus
title The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
title_full The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
title_fullStr The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
title_full_unstemmed The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
title_short The Validation of the 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria in a Cohort from Turkey
title_sort validation of the 2023 acr eular antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria in a cohort from turkey
topic antiphospholipid syndrome
livedo racemosa
Sapporo criteria
systemic lupus erythematosus
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/19/2205
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