Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst
A number of physical, chemical, and biological technologies have been developed to address the issue of synthetic dyes in wastewater. One of the important chemical methods involves reduction of these stringent pollutants into less hazardous products. In this study, a cross-linked polyurethane foam (...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3168618 |
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| _version_ | 1850105304987992064 |
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| author | Misbah Sultan Alina Waheed Ismat Bibi Atif Islam |
| author_facet | Misbah Sultan Alina Waheed Ismat Bibi Atif Islam |
| author_sort | Misbah Sultan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A number of physical, chemical, and biological technologies have been developed to address the issue of synthetic dyes in wastewater. One of the important chemical methods involves reduction of these stringent pollutants into less hazardous products. In this study, a cross-linked polyurethane foam (CPUF) was prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), and polycaprolactone diol (PCL; Mw: 1000 g/mole). To avoid harmful reducing agents, ecofriendly reduction of methylene blue (MB) was executed with CPUF as catalyst where ascorbic acid and fresh juice extracts were applied as reducing agents. The FTIR and SEM analysis confirmed the chemical composition and porous morphology of CPUF, respectively. The 100% reduction of MB was recorded in just 15 minutes with ascorbic acid and CPUF, while similar result was obtained in 37 minutes in blank experiment composed of only MB and ascorbic acid. Thus, catalytic role of CPUF in reduction process was proved. Fresh fruit extracts also participated in the reduction process, but rate of reaction was accelerated in the presence of CPUF. The reusability study of the catalyst supported its stability and efficiency. All the successful reduction processes followed 1st-order kinetics with highest apparent rate constant for ascorbic acid. Furthermore, phytotoxicity evaluation proved safe reduction of MB with 60% germination index. Hence, it can be concluded that catalytic role of CPUF has been established with safe and biodegradable reducing agents which can be extended to other redox processes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3c9a03386b6240eabf498e28022ecbeb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9422 1687-9430 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-3c9a03386b6240eabf498e28022ecbeb2025-08-20T02:39:08ZengWileyInternational Journal of Polymer Science1687-94221687-94302019-01-01201910.1155/2019/31686183168618Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane CatalystMisbah Sultan0Alina Waheed1Ismat Bibi2Atif Islam3Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanInstitute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, PakistanDepartment of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanA number of physical, chemical, and biological technologies have been developed to address the issue of synthetic dyes in wastewater. One of the important chemical methods involves reduction of these stringent pollutants into less hazardous products. In this study, a cross-linked polyurethane foam (CPUF) was prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), and polycaprolactone diol (PCL; Mw: 1000 g/mole). To avoid harmful reducing agents, ecofriendly reduction of methylene blue (MB) was executed with CPUF as catalyst where ascorbic acid and fresh juice extracts were applied as reducing agents. The FTIR and SEM analysis confirmed the chemical composition and porous morphology of CPUF, respectively. The 100% reduction of MB was recorded in just 15 minutes with ascorbic acid and CPUF, while similar result was obtained in 37 minutes in blank experiment composed of only MB and ascorbic acid. Thus, catalytic role of CPUF in reduction process was proved. Fresh fruit extracts also participated in the reduction process, but rate of reaction was accelerated in the presence of CPUF. The reusability study of the catalyst supported its stability and efficiency. All the successful reduction processes followed 1st-order kinetics with highest apparent rate constant for ascorbic acid. Furthermore, phytotoxicity evaluation proved safe reduction of MB with 60% germination index. Hence, it can be concluded that catalytic role of CPUF has been established with safe and biodegradable reducing agents which can be extended to other redox processes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3168618 |
| spellingShingle | Misbah Sultan Alina Waheed Ismat Bibi Atif Islam Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst International Journal of Polymer Science |
| title | Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst |
| title_full | Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst |
| title_short | Ecofriendly Reduction of Methylene Blue with Polyurethane Catalyst |
| title_sort | ecofriendly reduction of methylene blue with polyurethane catalyst |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3168618 |
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