The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022

(1) Background: Heart failure (HF) is a growing health concern, with decompensations being a major cause of hospital admissions. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can trigger HF exacerbations, increasing morbidity and mortality. This study analyzed hospitalizations for HF with RSV infectio...

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Main Authors: Rosa María Gómez-García, Rodrigo Jiménez-García, Ana López-de-Andrés, Valentín Hernández-Barrera, Ana Jimenez-Sierra, Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales, José Javier Zamorano-León, David Carabantes-Alarcón, Andrés Bodas-Pinedo, Javier De-Miguel-Díez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/4/516
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author Rosa María Gómez-García
Rodrigo Jiménez-García
Ana López-de-Andrés
Valentín Hernández-Barrera
Ana Jimenez-Sierra
Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales
José Javier Zamorano-León
David Carabantes-Alarcón
Andrés Bodas-Pinedo
Javier De-Miguel-Díez
author_facet Rosa María Gómez-García
Rodrigo Jiménez-García
Ana López-de-Andrés
Valentín Hernández-Barrera
Ana Jimenez-Sierra
Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales
José Javier Zamorano-León
David Carabantes-Alarcón
Andrés Bodas-Pinedo
Javier De-Miguel-Díez
author_sort Rosa María Gómez-García
collection DOAJ
description (1) Background: Heart failure (HF) is a growing health concern, with decompensations being a major cause of hospital admissions. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can trigger HF exacerbations, increasing morbidity and mortality. This study analyzed hospitalizations for HF with RSV infection in Spain from 2018 to 2022 using data from the Spanish Hospital Discharge Database. (2) Methods: We included patients aged ≥40 years with a diagnosis of HF, selecting a matched control group without RSV infection based on the HF diagnostic code position, year of admission, sex, and age. (3) Results: Of 424,413 HF hospitalizations, 0.47% (1988) involved RSV infection. Hospitalizations for HF with RSV increased over time, except for a decline in 2020–2021. ICU admissions and hospital length of stay decreased, but in-hospital mortality and costs remained unchanged. Patients with RSV had fewer comorbidities than those without RSV but experienced a higher mortality, more frequent non-invasive ventilation, longer hospital stays, and greater costs. Factors linked to higher mortality included advanced age, myocardial infarction, SARS-CoV-2 coinfection, and oxygen therapy dependence. RSV infection was independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality. (4) Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for early RSV detection in HF patients to implement preventive measures and reduce severe disease outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-3c8e8fbc4ca2422b8469d6b81928a16f2025-08-20T02:18:15ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-04-0117451610.3390/v17040516The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022Rosa María Gómez-García0Rodrigo Jiménez-García1Ana López-de-Andrés2Valentín Hernández-Barrera3Ana Jimenez-Sierra4Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales5José Javier Zamorano-León6David Carabantes-Alarcón7Andrés Bodas-Pinedo8Javier De-Miguel-Díez9Respiratory Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28007 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainPreventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, SpainFaculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo Ceu, 28668 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainRespiratory Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28007 Madrid, Spain(1) Background: Heart failure (HF) is a growing health concern, with decompensations being a major cause of hospital admissions. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can trigger HF exacerbations, increasing morbidity and mortality. This study analyzed hospitalizations for HF with RSV infection in Spain from 2018 to 2022 using data from the Spanish Hospital Discharge Database. (2) Methods: We included patients aged ≥40 years with a diagnosis of HF, selecting a matched control group without RSV infection based on the HF diagnostic code position, year of admission, sex, and age. (3) Results: Of 424,413 HF hospitalizations, 0.47% (1988) involved RSV infection. Hospitalizations for HF with RSV increased over time, except for a decline in 2020–2021. ICU admissions and hospital length of stay decreased, but in-hospital mortality and costs remained unchanged. Patients with RSV had fewer comorbidities than those without RSV but experienced a higher mortality, more frequent non-invasive ventilation, longer hospital stays, and greater costs. Factors linked to higher mortality included advanced age, myocardial infarction, SARS-CoV-2 coinfection, and oxygen therapy dependence. RSV infection was independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality. (4) Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for early RSV detection in HF patients to implement preventive measures and reduce severe disease outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/4/516heart failurerespiratory syncytial virushospitalizationsmortalitycostsSpain
spellingShingle Rosa María Gómez-García
Rodrigo Jiménez-García
Ana López-de-Andrés
Valentín Hernández-Barrera
Ana Jimenez-Sierra
Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales
José Javier Zamorano-León
David Carabantes-Alarcón
Andrés Bodas-Pinedo
Javier De-Miguel-Díez
The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
Viruses
heart failure
respiratory syncytial virus
hospitalizations
mortality
costs
Spain
title The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
title_full The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
title_fullStr The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
title_short The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Hospitalization and Mortality of Adults with Congestive Heart Failure in Spain, 2018–2022
title_sort role of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the hospitalization and mortality of adults with congestive heart failure in spain 2018 2022
topic heart failure
respiratory syncytial virus
hospitalizations
mortality
costs
Spain
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/4/516
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