Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications

Abstract Isolation of micro/nano‐scaled bioparticles, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, bacteria, white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and viruses, from the sample is essential for cancer diagnosis and treatment, preventing bacterial infections, and monitoring human health. Numerous...

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Main Authors: Qing Lu, Zhinan Zhang, Xianting Ding
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202414109
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author Qing Lu
Zhinan Zhang
Xianting Ding
author_facet Qing Lu
Zhinan Zhang
Xianting Ding
author_sort Qing Lu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Isolation of micro/nano‐scaled bioparticles, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, bacteria, white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and viruses, from the sample is essential for cancer diagnosis and treatment, preventing bacterial infections, and monitoring human health. Numerous separation techniques, including magnetophoresis, dielectrophoresis, acoustophoresis, optophoresis, and fluorescence‐activated sorting (FAS) have been developed to isolate the target bioparticles from complex samples accurately. However, these active methods usually rely on sophisticated instruments which are expensive and bulky. Passive platforms with high throughput, low cost, and small volume have gradually become alternative methods. Alongside this context, this review paper is no longer confined to one specific category of isolation techniques, advanced systems that have been developed in recent years are comprehensively introduced. Characteristics and limitations of each technology are discussed according to the critical performance parameters including purity, recovery rate, throughput, resolution, size, and convenience. Specific biomedical applications of separation techniques are summarized to provide practical implications for disease diagnosis, treatment, and mechanism research. This review also addresses the current challenges, potential solutions, and prospects in this field, laying the foundation for further optimization, innovation, and cross‐integration of isolation techniques in the future.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2198-3844
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spelling doaj-art-3c530e792c814d14926ef59a7f7227512025-08-20T03:36:45ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-07-011226n/an/a10.1002/advs.202414109Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical ApplicationsQing Lu0Zhinan Zhang1Xianting Ding2State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit Xinhua Hospital School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 ChinaAbstract Isolation of micro/nano‐scaled bioparticles, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, bacteria, white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and viruses, from the sample is essential for cancer diagnosis and treatment, preventing bacterial infections, and monitoring human health. Numerous separation techniques, including magnetophoresis, dielectrophoresis, acoustophoresis, optophoresis, and fluorescence‐activated sorting (FAS) have been developed to isolate the target bioparticles from complex samples accurately. However, these active methods usually rely on sophisticated instruments which are expensive and bulky. Passive platforms with high throughput, low cost, and small volume have gradually become alternative methods. Alongside this context, this review paper is no longer confined to one specific category of isolation techniques, advanced systems that have been developed in recent years are comprehensively introduced. Characteristics and limitations of each technology are discussed according to the critical performance parameters including purity, recovery rate, throughput, resolution, size, and convenience. Specific biomedical applications of separation techniques are summarized to provide practical implications for disease diagnosis, treatment, and mechanism research. This review also addresses the current challenges, potential solutions, and prospects in this field, laying the foundation for further optimization, innovation, and cross‐integration of isolation techniques in the future.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202414109biomedical applicationisolation, micro/nano‐scaled speciesmicrofluidics
spellingShingle Qing Lu
Zhinan Zhang
Xianting Ding
Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
Advanced Science
biomedical application
isolation, micro/nano‐scaled species
microfluidics
title Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
title_full Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
title_fullStr Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
title_full_unstemmed Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
title_short Isolation Techniques of Micro/Nano‐Scaled Species for Biomedical Applications
title_sort isolation techniques of micro nano scaled species for biomedical applications
topic biomedical application
isolation, micro/nano‐scaled species
microfluidics
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202414109
work_keys_str_mv AT qinglu isolationtechniquesofmicronanoscaledspeciesforbiomedicalapplications
AT zhinanzhang isolationtechniquesofmicronanoscaledspeciesforbiomedicalapplications
AT xiantingding isolationtechniquesofmicronanoscaledspeciesforbiomedicalapplications