Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect
Abstract Reduction in aerosol cooling unmasks greenhouse gas warming, exacerbating the rate of future warming. The strict sulfur regulation on shipping fuel implemented in 2020 (IMO2020) presents an opportunity to assess the potential impacts of such emission regulations and the detectability of del...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Communications Earth & Environment |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01911-9 |
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| author | Jianhao Zhang Yao-Sheng Chen Edward Gryspeerdt Takanobu Yamaguchi Graham Feingold |
| author_facet | Jianhao Zhang Yao-Sheng Chen Edward Gryspeerdt Takanobu Yamaguchi Graham Feingold |
| author_sort | Jianhao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Reduction in aerosol cooling unmasks greenhouse gas warming, exacerbating the rate of future warming. The strict sulfur regulation on shipping fuel implemented in 2020 (IMO2020) presents an opportunity to assess the potential impacts of such emission regulations and the detectability of deliberate aerosol perturbations for climate intervention. Here we employ machine learning to capture cloud natural variability and estimate a radiative forcing of +0.074 ±0.005 W m−2 related to IMO2020 associated with changes in shortwave cloud radiative effect over three low-cloud regions where shipping routes prevail. We find low detectability of the cloud radiative effect of this event, attributed to strong natural variability in cloud albedo and cloud cover. Regionally, detectability is higher for the southeastern Atlantic stratocumulus deck. These results raise concerns that future reductions in aerosol emissions will accelerate warming and that proposed deliberate aerosol perturbations such as marine cloud brightening will need to be substantial in order to overcome the low detectability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3c4fe02dc601433f860e177607f2a004 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-4435 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Earth & Environment |
| spelling | doaj-art-3c4fe02dc601433f860e177607f2a0042025-01-19T12:40:01ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-01-016111110.1038/s43247-024-01911-9Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detectJianhao Zhang0Yao-Sheng Chen1Edward Gryspeerdt2Takanobu Yamaguchi3Graham Feingold4Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado BoulderCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado BoulderGrantham Institute - Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College LondonCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado BoulderChemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)Abstract Reduction in aerosol cooling unmasks greenhouse gas warming, exacerbating the rate of future warming. The strict sulfur regulation on shipping fuel implemented in 2020 (IMO2020) presents an opportunity to assess the potential impacts of such emission regulations and the detectability of deliberate aerosol perturbations for climate intervention. Here we employ machine learning to capture cloud natural variability and estimate a radiative forcing of +0.074 ±0.005 W m−2 related to IMO2020 associated with changes in shortwave cloud radiative effect over three low-cloud regions where shipping routes prevail. We find low detectability of the cloud radiative effect of this event, attributed to strong natural variability in cloud albedo and cloud cover. Regionally, detectability is higher for the southeastern Atlantic stratocumulus deck. These results raise concerns that future reductions in aerosol emissions will accelerate warming and that proposed deliberate aerosol perturbations such as marine cloud brightening will need to be substantial in order to overcome the low detectability.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01911-9 |
| spellingShingle | Jianhao Zhang Yao-Sheng Chen Edward Gryspeerdt Takanobu Yamaguchi Graham Feingold Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect Communications Earth & Environment |
| title | Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| title_full | Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| title_fullStr | Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| title_short | Radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| title_sort | radiative forcing from the 2020 shipping fuel regulation is large but hard to detect |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01911-9 |
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