Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region
IntroductionCalf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. This article aims to investigate the bacterial causes of calf diarrhea in the Ningxia region and to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial effect of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1619420/full |
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| author | Dong-Zhao Ding Lei-Xin Zhu Qian Shao Xin Li Yin-Chao Tong Wen Zhang Yun-Peng Fan Qi Yang Fu-Jiang Wang Su-Zhu Qing Wei-Min Zhang |
| author_facet | Dong-Zhao Ding Lei-Xin Zhu Qian Shao Xin Li Yin-Chao Tong Wen Zhang Yun-Peng Fan Qi Yang Fu-Jiang Wang Su-Zhu Qing Wei-Min Zhang |
| author_sort | Dong-Zhao Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionCalf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. This article aims to investigate the bacterial causes of calf diarrhea in the Ningxia region and to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial effect of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25 (MccJ25) on pathogenic bacteria, as well as its clinical prevention and treatment effects on calf diarrhea.MethodsA total of 100 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from calves across 10 cattle farms in the Ningxia region. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed to detect E. coli and Salmonella strains. The in vitro synergistic antibacterial effects of a Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) combined with Microcin J25 (MccJ25) were evaluated using antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Furthermore, in vivo prevention and treatment trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of the CHF-MccJ25 combination against calf diarrhea, including evaluation of clinical symptoms, fecal microbial composition, and immune parameters.ResultsThe results showed that out of 100 diarrheic calves fecal samples were collected from 10 cattle farms in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 97 E. coli strains and 20 Salmonella strains were detected. In vitro, the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against E. coli and Salmonella. Moreover, the combined treatment also exhibited virulence-inhibitory activity. In vivo, the combination effectively reduced the incidence of diarrhea in healthy calves in a dose-dependence.DiscussionIn summary, our study indicated that the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) effectively combated multidrug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, improving both prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea by enhancing immunity and restoring gut microbiota balance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3c43c8d05e5c4bd595df7e9214c38107 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-3c43c8d05e5c4bd595df7e9214c381072025-08-20T03:28:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-07-011210.3389/fvets.2025.16194201619420Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia regionDong-Zhao Ding0Lei-Xin Zhu1Qian Shao2Xin Li3Yin-Chao Tong4Wen Zhang5Yun-Peng Fan6Qi Yang7Fu-Jiang Wang8Su-Zhu Qing9Wei-Min Zhang10College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaVeterinary Drugs and Animal Feedstuffs of Ningxia Supervision Institute, Yinchuan, ChinaCenter for Animal Disease Prevention Control and Health Supervision, Zhongwei, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaVeterinary Drugs and Animal Feedstuffs of Ningxia Supervision Institute, Yinchuan, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaVeterinary Drugs and Animal Feedstuffs of Ningxia Supervision Institute, Yinchuan, ChinaCenter for Animal Disease Prevention Control and Health Supervision, Zhongwei, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaIntroductionCalf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. This article aims to investigate the bacterial causes of calf diarrhea in the Ningxia region and to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial effect of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25 (MccJ25) on pathogenic bacteria, as well as its clinical prevention and treatment effects on calf diarrhea.MethodsA total of 100 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from calves across 10 cattle farms in the Ningxia region. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed to detect E. coli and Salmonella strains. The in vitro synergistic antibacterial effects of a Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) combined with Microcin J25 (MccJ25) were evaluated using antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Furthermore, in vivo prevention and treatment trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of the CHF-MccJ25 combination against calf diarrhea, including evaluation of clinical symptoms, fecal microbial composition, and immune parameters.ResultsThe results showed that out of 100 diarrheic calves fecal samples were collected from 10 cattle farms in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 97 E. coli strains and 20 Salmonella strains were detected. In vitro, the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against E. coli and Salmonella. Moreover, the combined treatment also exhibited virulence-inhibitory activity. In vivo, the combination effectively reduced the incidence of diarrhea in healthy calves in a dose-dependence.DiscussionIn summary, our study indicated that the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) effectively combated multidrug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, improving both prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea by enhancing immunity and restoring gut microbiota balance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1619420/fullcalf diarrheapathogen investigationChinese herbal formulaMicrocin J25gut microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Zhao Ding Lei-Xin Zhu Qian Shao Xin Li Yin-Chao Tong Wen Zhang Yun-Peng Fan Qi Yang Fu-Jiang Wang Su-Zhu Qing Wei-Min Zhang Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region Frontiers in Veterinary Science calf diarrhea pathogen investigation Chinese herbal formula Microcin J25 gut microbiota |
| title | Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region |
| title_full | Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region |
| title_short | Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia region |
| title_sort | synergistic effects of chinese herbal formula combined with microcin j25 against escherichia coli and salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the ningxia region |
| topic | calf diarrhea pathogen investigation Chinese herbal formula Microcin J25 gut microbiota |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1619420/full |
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