Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste
This study systematically investigates the impact of varying metakaolin contents on the compressive strength and microstructure of hardened limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) paste. The findings reveal that increasing metakaolin content intensifies the aluminum sulfate reaction peak and accelerate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Cement |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666549225000118 |
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| author | Qi Luo Xinyu Zhang Junchao Yu Guoqing Geng |
| author_facet | Qi Luo Xinyu Zhang Junchao Yu Guoqing Geng |
| author_sort | Qi Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study systematically investigates the impact of varying metakaolin contents on the compressive strength and microstructure of hardened limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) paste. The findings reveal that increasing metakaolin content intensifies the aluminum sulfate reaction peak and accelerates its onset, while decreasing metakaolin leads to higher total calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) levels in the system. A specific threshold of 70 % metakaolin content is identified as optimal for pozzolanic activity; excess metakaolin remains unreacted. The addition of metakaolin refines the pore structure, reduces harmful large pores, and promotes the formation of ettringite and other hydration products, enhancing mechanical properties. Notably, a sample with 70 % metakaolin content exhibits higher compressive strength than one with 100 % metakaolin, indicating that metakaolin containing 30 % impurities (referred to as sand powder) demonstrates superior mechanical performance. These results support the development of LC3 as a commercially viable and eco-friendly alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3c2859c6c4be467ba810b6cd492470a7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2666-5492 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cement |
| spelling | doaj-art-3c2859c6c4be467ba810b6cd492470a72025-08-20T02:51:38ZengElsevierCement2666-54922025-03-011910013810.1016/j.cement.2025.100138Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 pasteQi Luo0Xinyu Zhang1Junchao Yu2Guoqing Geng3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, SingaporeSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR ChinaChina Hebei Construction & Geotechnical Investigation Group Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050227, PR China; Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Civil Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066004, PR ChinaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore; Corresponding author.This study systematically investigates the impact of varying metakaolin contents on the compressive strength and microstructure of hardened limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) paste. The findings reveal that increasing metakaolin content intensifies the aluminum sulfate reaction peak and accelerates its onset, while decreasing metakaolin leads to higher total calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) levels in the system. A specific threshold of 70 % metakaolin content is identified as optimal for pozzolanic activity; excess metakaolin remains unreacted. The addition of metakaolin refines the pore structure, reduces harmful large pores, and promotes the formation of ettringite and other hydration products, enhancing mechanical properties. Notably, a sample with 70 % metakaolin content exhibits higher compressive strength than one with 100 % metakaolin, indicating that metakaolin containing 30 % impurities (referred to as sand powder) demonstrates superior mechanical performance. These results support the development of LC3 as a commercially viable and eco-friendly alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666549225000118MetakaolinLC3HydrationPozzolanic reactionMechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Qi Luo Xinyu Zhang Junchao Yu Guoqing Geng Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste Cement Metakaolin LC3 Hydration Pozzolanic reaction Mechanical properties |
| title | Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste |
| title_full | Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste |
| title_fullStr | Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste |
| title_short | Influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened LC3 paste |
| title_sort | influence of metakaolin content on the microstructure and strength in hardened lc3 paste |
| topic | Metakaolin LC3 Hydration Pozzolanic reaction Mechanical properties |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666549225000118 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qiluo influenceofmetakaolincontentonthemicrostructureandstrengthinhardenedlc3paste AT xinyuzhang influenceofmetakaolincontentonthemicrostructureandstrengthinhardenedlc3paste AT junchaoyu influenceofmetakaolincontentonthemicrostructureandstrengthinhardenedlc3paste AT guoqinggeng influenceofmetakaolincontentonthemicrostructureandstrengthinhardenedlc3paste |