Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring

This article presents the development of a compact, high-precision, and energy-efficient temperature monitoring system designed for tracking applications where continuous and accurate thermal monitoring is essential. Built around the HY0020 System-on-Chip (SoC), the system integrates two bandgap-bas...

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Main Authors: Luis Miguel Pires, João Figueiredo, Ricardo Martins, João Nascimento, José Martins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Designs
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/73
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author Luis Miguel Pires
João Figueiredo
Ricardo Martins
João Nascimento
José Martins
author_facet Luis Miguel Pires
João Figueiredo
Ricardo Martins
João Nascimento
José Martins
author_sort Luis Miguel Pires
collection DOAJ
description This article presents the development of a compact, high-precision, and energy-efficient temperature monitoring system designed for tracking applications where continuous and accurate thermal monitoring is essential. Built around the HY0020 System-on-Chip (SoC), the system integrates two bandgap-based temperature sensors—one internal to the SoC and one external (Si7020-A20)—mounted on a custom PCB and powered by a coin cell battery. A distinctive feature of the system is its support for real-time parameterization of the internal sensor, which enables advanced capabilities such as thermal profiling, cross-validation, and onboard diagnostics. The system was evaluated under both room temperature and refrigeration conditions, demonstrating high accuracy with the internal sensor showing an average error of 0.041 °C and −0.36 °C, respectively, and absolute errors below ±0.5 °C. With an average current draw of just 0.01727 mA, the system achieves an estimated autonomy of 6.6 years on a 1000 mAh battery. Data are transmitted via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to a Raspberry Pi 4 gateway and forwarded to an IoT cloud platform for remote access and analysis. With a total cost of approximately EUR 20 and built entirely from commercially available components, this system offers a scalable and cost-effective solution for a wide range of temperature-sensitive applications. Its combination of precision, long-term autonomy, and advanced diagnostic capabilities make it suitable for deployment in diverse fields such as supply chain monitoring, environmental sensing, biomedical storage, and smart infrastructure—where reliable, low-maintenance thermal tracking is essential.
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spelling doaj-art-3c16c1e888ee477cb09cf34b4065f20e2025-08-20T02:24:21ZengMDPI AGDesigns2411-96602025-06-01937310.3390/designs9030073Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature MonitoringLuis Miguel Pires0João Figueiredo1Ricardo Martins2João Nascimento3José Martins4Technologies and Engineering School (EET), Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia (IPLuso), 1700-098 Lisbon, PortugalTechnologies and Engineering School (EET), Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia (IPLuso), 1700-098 Lisbon, PortugalTechnologies and Engineering School (EET), Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia (IPLuso), 1700-098 Lisbon, PortugalTechnologies and Engineering School (EET), Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia (IPLuso), 1700-098 Lisbon, PortugalTechnologies and Engineering School (EET), Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia (IPLuso), 1700-098 Lisbon, PortugalThis article presents the development of a compact, high-precision, and energy-efficient temperature monitoring system designed for tracking applications where continuous and accurate thermal monitoring is essential. Built around the HY0020 System-on-Chip (SoC), the system integrates two bandgap-based temperature sensors—one internal to the SoC and one external (Si7020-A20)—mounted on a custom PCB and powered by a coin cell battery. A distinctive feature of the system is its support for real-time parameterization of the internal sensor, which enables advanced capabilities such as thermal profiling, cross-validation, and onboard diagnostics. The system was evaluated under both room temperature and refrigeration conditions, demonstrating high accuracy with the internal sensor showing an average error of 0.041 °C and −0.36 °C, respectively, and absolute errors below ±0.5 °C. With an average current draw of just 0.01727 mA, the system achieves an estimated autonomy of 6.6 years on a 1000 mAh battery. Data are transmitted via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to a Raspberry Pi 4 gateway and forwarded to an IoT cloud platform for remote access and analysis. With a total cost of approximately EUR 20 and built entirely from commercially available components, this system offers a scalable and cost-effective solution for a wide range of temperature-sensitive applications. Its combination of precision, long-term autonomy, and advanced diagnostic capabilities make it suitable for deployment in diverse fields such as supply chain monitoring, environmental sensing, biomedical storage, and smart infrastructure—where reliable, low-maintenance thermal tracking is essential.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/73IoTlow-power sensingtemperature monitoringbandgap sensorsensor parameterizationSoC
spellingShingle Luis Miguel Pires
João Figueiredo
Ricardo Martins
João Nascimento
José Martins
Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
Designs
IoT
low-power sensing
temperature monitoring
bandgap sensor
sensor parameterization
SoC
title Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
title_full Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
title_fullStr Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
title_full_unstemmed Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
title_short Design and Development of a Low-Power IoT System for Continuous Temperature Monitoring
title_sort design and development of a low power iot system for continuous temperature monitoring
topic IoT
low-power sensing
temperature monitoring
bandgap sensor
sensor parameterization
SoC
url https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/73
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AT joaonascimento designanddevelopmentofalowpoweriotsystemforcontinuoustemperaturemonitoring
AT josemartins designanddevelopmentofalowpoweriotsystemforcontinuoustemperaturemonitoring