Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia

Abstract Background Severe pneumonia is a lung parenchymal inflammation that can lead to multi-organ failure and death. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is an autoreactive substance with extensive physiologic and pharmacologic properties. This study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect and potential m...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wentong Ma, Jingxin Zhou, Ying Qian, Su Zhang, Chuanlu Han, Jing Su, Haijun Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03847-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849238133000896512
author Wentong Ma
Jingxin Zhou
Ying Qian
Su Zhang
Chuanlu Han
Jing Su
Haijun Sun
author_facet Wentong Ma
Jingxin Zhou
Ying Qian
Su Zhang
Chuanlu Han
Jing Su
Haijun Sun
author_sort Wentong Ma
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Severe pneumonia is a lung parenchymal inflammation that can lead to multi-organ failure and death. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is an autoreactive substance with extensive physiologic and pharmacologic properties. This study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect and potential mechanism of PGE1 in mice with severe pneumonia. Methods Mouse models of severe pneumonia were established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the mice were administrated PGE1 to observe the effects of PGE1 on the pathological injury of lung tissues, wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio of lung tissues, levels of inflammatory factors in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues, the number of white blood counts (WBCs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in BALF, blood gas indexes, and Th17/Treg balance. The critical signaling pathways of PGE1 involved in severe pneumonia were obtained by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), and the regulatory role of PGE1 in alleviating severe pneumonia was observed by the JAK inhibitor AG490. Results PGE1 can alleviate lung histopathological injury in mice with severe pneumonia, decrease W/D ratio, attenuate interleukin- 1β (IL-1β), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, increase interleukin- 10 (IL-10) levels in mouse BALF and lung tissues, and reduce the number of WBCs and PMNs; it can increase the arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and decrease the arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), and up-regulate the proportion of Treg cells, decrease RORγt expression, and increase Foxp3 expression. Differential gene expression analysis and enrichment analyses showed that the enrichment of JAK-STAT pathway was decreased in the LPS + PGE1 group compared to the LPS group. Joint use of PGE1 and AG490 can reduce p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression and synergistically improve the pathological damage phenotype in mice with severe pneumonia. Conclusion PGE1 can alleviate lung histopathological injury and reduce the degree of pulmonary edema in mice with severe pneumonia, and the mechanism might be realized by preventing PMN aggregation and activation in the lungs, reducing the release of inflammatory mediators, improving pulmonary ventilation, and regulating immune homeostasis. Moreover, by using transcriptome analysis and animal experiments, this study found that PGE1 participates in severe pneumonia by regulating JAK-STAT pathway.
format Article
id doaj-art-3c021cb259f5455dbe7b67f68f1da636
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2466
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Pulmonary Medicine
spelling doaj-art-3c021cb259f5455dbe7b67f68f1da6362025-08-20T04:01:44ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662025-08-0125111210.1186/s12890-025-03847-yTranscriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumoniaWentong Ma0Jingxin Zhou1Ying Qian2Su Zhang3Chuanlu Han4Jing Su5Haijun Sun6Department of intensive care unit, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of intensive care unit, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of intensive care unit, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of intensive care unit, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of intensive care unit, Suqian first people’s Hospital, the Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Severe pneumonia is a lung parenchymal inflammation that can lead to multi-organ failure and death. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is an autoreactive substance with extensive physiologic and pharmacologic properties. This study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect and potential mechanism of PGE1 in mice with severe pneumonia. Methods Mouse models of severe pneumonia were established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the mice were administrated PGE1 to observe the effects of PGE1 on the pathological injury of lung tissues, wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio of lung tissues, levels of inflammatory factors in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues, the number of white blood counts (WBCs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in BALF, blood gas indexes, and Th17/Treg balance. The critical signaling pathways of PGE1 involved in severe pneumonia were obtained by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), and the regulatory role of PGE1 in alleviating severe pneumonia was observed by the JAK inhibitor AG490. Results PGE1 can alleviate lung histopathological injury in mice with severe pneumonia, decrease W/D ratio, attenuate interleukin- 1β (IL-1β), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, increase interleukin- 10 (IL-10) levels in mouse BALF and lung tissues, and reduce the number of WBCs and PMNs; it can increase the arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and decrease the arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), and up-regulate the proportion of Treg cells, decrease RORγt expression, and increase Foxp3 expression. Differential gene expression analysis and enrichment analyses showed that the enrichment of JAK-STAT pathway was decreased in the LPS + PGE1 group compared to the LPS group. Joint use of PGE1 and AG490 can reduce p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression and synergistically improve the pathological damage phenotype in mice with severe pneumonia. Conclusion PGE1 can alleviate lung histopathological injury and reduce the degree of pulmonary edema in mice with severe pneumonia, and the mechanism might be realized by preventing PMN aggregation and activation in the lungs, reducing the release of inflammatory mediators, improving pulmonary ventilation, and regulating immune homeostasis. Moreover, by using transcriptome analysis and animal experiments, this study found that PGE1 participates in severe pneumonia by regulating JAK-STAT pathway.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03847-ySevere pneumoniaProstaglandin E1Inflammatory responseTh17/Treg balanceJAK-STAT pathway
spellingShingle Wentong Ma
Jingxin Zhou
Ying Qian
Su Zhang
Chuanlu Han
Jing Su
Haijun Sun
Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Severe pneumonia
Prostaglandin E1
Inflammatory response
Th17/Treg balance
JAK-STAT pathway
title Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
title_full Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
title_fullStr Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
title_short Transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of Prostaglandin E1 in improving severe pneumonia
title_sort transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism of prostaglandin e1 in improving severe pneumonia
topic Severe pneumonia
Prostaglandin E1
Inflammatory response
Th17/Treg balance
JAK-STAT pathway
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03847-y
work_keys_str_mv AT wentongma transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT jingxinzhou transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT yingqian transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT suzhang transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT chuanluhan transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT jingsu transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia
AT haijunsun transcriptomicsrevealstheunderlyingmechanismofprostaglandine1inimprovingseverepneumonia